Cell Metabolism Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell metabolism, including various biochemical processes, types of reactions, and the impact of various chemicals on these pathways.

What is cell metabolism?

Biochemical processes that occur in a cell, such as synthesis of proteins and breakdown of glucose.

What are the two main types of metabolic pathways?

Anabolic and catabolic pathways.

What is anabolism?

The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, involving energy storage.

What is catabolism?

The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

What is feedback inhibition?

The product of a pathway controls the rate of its own synthesis by inhibiting an early step.

What happens during glycolysis?

Glucose is broken down to produce ATP and other products.

What is the significance of metabolic pathways?

They allow control and regulation of energy input and output in cellular processes.

How does aerobic respiration work?

It is a catabolic reaction that breaks down glucose to release energy.

What role do enzymes play in metabolic pathways?

Each step of the pathway is catalyzed by a specific enzyme.

What is an endergonic reaction?

A reaction that requires energy input to combine smaller molecules into larger ones.

What is exergonic reaction?

A reaction that releases energy by breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.

What is the structure of the inner membrane of mitochondria related to respiration?

It contains enzymes and carrier proteins essential for the electron transfer chain.

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll absorbs light to drive the reactions necessary for photosynthesis.

What are antibiotics and how do they affect metabolism?

They can inhibit metabolic pathways in bacteria, either by blocking cell wall synthesis or protein production.

How do chemicals like cyanide affect cellular respiration?

Cyanide blocks enzymes involved in aerobic respiration, hindering energy production.

What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?

NADPH provides the reducing power for the synthesis of glucose.

What are the consequences of excessive heat release during metabolism?

Excessive heat may be harmful to the cell and can disrupt cellular functions.

What products are formed in the citric acid cycle?

Carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADH are produced in the cycle.

Why is glucose oxidation important in cells?

Stepwise oxidation of glucose allows trapping of energy in usable forms.

What is the function of ATP in metabolic processes?

ATP serves as the primary energy carrier in cells.