What's an earthquake?
Violent shaking of the ground
Where are the vibrations of an earthquake known as?
Seismic waves
What are two ways that rocklayers can respond to stress
It forms in a plastic manner like a piece of molded clay, or in an elastic manner like a rubber band
Explain the difference between P waves, and S waves
like P waves S waves cannot travel through parts of the earth that are completely liquid and P waves also arrive earlier than S waves
What type of deformation causes an earthquake
Elastic deformation
What are the fastest seismic waves?
P waves
How are surface waves different from body waves?
Surface waves travel more slowly and are more destructive
What are S waves unable to travel through
liquid
What is a seismograph?
an instrument that record vibrations in the grounds, and determines the location and the strength of an earthquake
What is the main difference between an epicenter in the focus of an earthquake
The epicenter is the point on the earth surface directly above an earthquake starting point as the focus is the point inside the earth, where in earthquake begins
What is the name of the simplest message to find an earthquakes epicenter
The SP method
In an earthquake, what does the Richter scale measure?
The scale measures the strength of an earthquake
How is the Mercalli intensity scale different from the Richter scale?
The Mercalli scale determines intensity as the Richter scale determines its strength
What is magnitude?
A measure of the strength of an earthquake
Where is the highest earthquake has it in the US?
The West Coast
What method do most scientist use now to measure the magnitude of an earthquake
The Richter scale
Can we predict when a earthquake will occur?
There's general predictions scientist can infer
Define gap hypothesis
A hypothesis based on the ideas that a major earthquake is more likely to occur along the part of an active fall or no earthquakes have occurred for a certain period of time
List five earthquake resistant buildings discussed in the text book
Mass damper, active tendon system, base, isolators, cross, braces, flexible pipes
What type of faults are created at each plate boundary?
Plate Motion: Major Fault Type:
Transform Strike-Slip Fault Convergent Reverse Fault Divergent Normal Fault