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College Mental Health Issues
depression
stress
interpersonal functioning
grief and loss
mood instability
Leading: Issues that affect Academic performance factor in college
Stress
Issues that affect academic performance in college
Anxiety
sleep difficulties
depression
participation in extracurricular activities
concern for a troubled friend
relationship problems
death of a family member
the ABCs of Stress
Activator
an event, something that activates stress
Beliefs
the mid interprets the event and assigns meaning to it
Consequences
a physiological stress response is produced, challenging event causing
Eustress
positive stressor; getting married, going on a date
distress
dealing with negative stress: coping with sickness, final exams
acute stress
short term, gone and over with, sad that it happened but it doesn’t effect you
chronic stress( traumatic stress)
sexual assault, natural disaster may take days, week, years to heal
PTSD
traumatic episode taking effect after the event
Fight or Flight
When the mind perceives a threat, the body responds with the intent to fight the threat or escape it
rapid heart beat
increased muscle tension
slowed digestion
narrowed auditory and visual signals
Optimal stress for performance
does nor necessarily occur with moderate arousal but varies according to individual and circumstance
Stress on Campus
academics
concern about the future
spiritual
interpersonal relationships
finances
Stress in Nonreligious colleges
academic work
personal issues
financial concerns
personal appearance
future conerns
Stress on Faith-based colleges
academic work
future concerns
spiritual challenges
interpersonal relationships
financial concerns
Stress hardiness
keeping calm under pressure
commitment
control
you control the time, place and how
challenges
how you perceive change
Social Anxiety disorder
starts around puberty
have a persistent and intense fear of being watched, judged, embarrassed, or humiliated by others
Panic disorders
often without any warning
mistaken for a heart attacks
sense of doom or death
last about 10-15 minutes
2% of population, no found cause
90% of patients with a panic disorder can be helped through psychotherapy
Phobias
avoidance of certain things or situations that make us uncomfortable or even fearful; irrational fear
most common phobias
Social phobias, Agoraphobia, acrophobia, pteromerhamophobia, claustrophobia, entomophobia, ophidiophobia, cynophobia, and trypanophobia
social phobias
fear of being in social situations
Agoraphobia
fear of open spaces
Acrophobia
fear of heights
Psteromerhanophobia
fear of flying
Claustrophobia
fear of enclosed spaces
Entomophobia
fear of insects
Ophidiophobia
fear of snakes
Cynophobia
fear of storms
Tryanophobia
fear of needles
Prevalence of Phobias
Mild
48.1%
Moderate
30%
Serious
21.9%
PSTD
often associated with veterans returning from war
developed after experiencing a shocking or dangerous event
treatments vary, 53% who have psychotherapy and or medication
Generalized Anxiety disorder (GAD)
have chronic anxiety and exaggerated worry even when there is minimal threat
worry can consume hours each day, making it hard go concentrate or finish daily tasks
Depression
Long periods of despondency that cripple people physically, cognitively, socially, and spiritually
In 2020,__% of college students were reported to be depressed
22%
in 2020, % reported to have moderate depression, overall in 2021 __% nation-wide
19%; 41%
Major depression
persistent sadness
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
depression that mainly affect females; one or two weeks after a menstrual cycle
postpartum depression
after delivering a child
seasonal affective disorder
depression when the seasons change
Persistent depressive disorder
persistent, chronic, low-grade depression
cold last 2-3+ years
Suicide
10th leading cause of death in the United States
mental illness contributes in half of cases
race and gender can be factors in the United States
men
tend to be more suicidal; 79% of suicides are commit by
Factors contributing to suicide
relational problems, 42%
recent crisis, 29%
substance abuse, 28%
failing health,22%
job/financial distress, 22%
Warning signs for suicide
withdrawing or isolating themselves
talking about feeling hopeless
talking about feeling trapped
talking bout being a burden to others
increasing the use of alcohol or drugs
acting anxious or agitated
behaving recklessly
sleeping too little or too much
talking about wanting to die
Happiness in money
happiness benefits from increased income level of around $80,000 per year
2022:$100,000-$500,000, that’s the happy place
Happy in Education
IQ does not influence happiness, either positively or negatively
happiness in Religion
quality of relationships was the single largest factor predicting subjects’ happiness
psychologist found that the happiest college students shared one distinctive characteristics: rich and fulfilling relationships
Mental Health First Aid
Assess for risk of suicide or harm
listen nonjudgmentally
give reassurance and information
encourage appropriate professional help
encourage self-help and support strategies
Mental Health care professional
counselors
psychologist
psychiatrists
women
___ more prone to depression because they’re more sensitive
Macro-emotion
seen in small children
happy is happy
angry is angry
Micro-emotions
one that is socially acceptable
something we learn
concealing multiple emotions at once- only showing one at a time
Kubler-Ross Grief cycle
Denial
shock, confusion, and fear
Anger
Frustration, hostility, anxiety
Bargaining
Questioning, negotiating, struggling
Depression
helplessness, overwhelmed, alone
Acceptance
new normal, determined, moving on
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
top to down
Self-actualization
Esteem (respect, recognition)
Love and belonging (family, friends, intimacy)
Safety (health, security of person and property, employment)
Survival (air, food, water)
Learned-helplessness
conditioned to think they can’t succeed
Emotion Intelligence
People able to manage their own emotions, communicate their emotions, pick up other’s emotions
individuals with high _____are more active, less lazy
well rounded