Respiratory system, excretory system, reproductive

EMB module 1

Respiratory system

• takes in air and takes out carbon dioxide

oxygen

• transferred to the blood and carried to the cells where it is required to derive energy from food

carbon dioxide

• is waste product of the process

• the blood carries it back to the lungs where it is exhaled

frothy lung purges

• it is the source of the respiratory system during, before, and after embalming.

• it is cause by the pressure on the lungs from the gas or fluid that cause lung purges

thoracic cavity

• where lung purges and pressure from the lungs occur

Nose

• air breathed in through the nose

• ORGAN THAT PROCESS SMELL

• the air is warmed to near body temperature as it passes through the nasal sinuses

Pharynx

• area at the back of the throat that serves both the digestive and respiratory system

Trachea

• the windpipe

• is a membranous tube with cartilaginous rings to keep it open at all times

• it descend from the pharynx to the lungs

left and righ bronchi

• ffrom the trachea it branches from the _______________

Bronchi

• it enters from the lungs where they are divided

• singular: bronchus

• They also help filter, warm, and humidify the air before it reaches the alveoli.

bronchioles

• it is subdivided repeatedly into tubes called _____

• Control airflow by constricting or dilating (they have smooth muscle).

lungs

• paired organs of respiration in the thoracic cavity

• oxygen from air breathed in passes readily to the blood in the capillaries.

alveoli

• the functional unit of the lungs

• the tiny sacs attached to the ends of the smalledst bronchioles and encased in capillaries

Diaphragm

• muscular partition separating the abdomial and thoracic cavities. it is an accessory muscle of respiration

excretory system

• it filters blood to remove toxic waste resultig the cellular metabolism

kidney malfunction

• waste accumulate in the blood

Nitrogen containing wastes

• waste in the blood such as urea and ammonia, will neutralize formaldehyde

kidney failure or edema

• will require more formaldehyde to embalm sucessfully

kidney

• bean shape organs found in the abdominal cavity in the lower back region

• this part plays the vital role of maintaining minerals and acidity levels of the blood

Nephrons

• functional unit of the kidney

• which consist of tiny ball of capillaries and associated tubules

tubules

• reabsorbs most of the water and whatever else the body needs and lets the remainer pass out as urine.

ureter

• tubular organ through which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder

urinary bladder

• muscular sac

• serves as a storage area for the urine

• this part expands as it fills and the muscular walls contracts when the bladder emptied

Urethra

• the passage through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the outside of the body

Female reproductive system

• found in the pelvic cavity

Ovaries

• the pair of organs produce OVA (EGG) and female hormones

• one egg is released every month

Oviducts

• when the egg is released in the ovary, this part transported to the uterus

• fertilization takes place in this part

uterus

• hallow muscular organ

• the fertlized egg embeds in the higlly vascular uterine wall and forms placenta

Placenta

• The _____ is a temporary organ that forms during pregnancy.
  It connects the developing fetus to the mother’s uterus.

Placental membrane

• is a thin layer of tissue that separates the mother's blood from the fetus's blood inside the placenta

vagina

• membranous passage from the uterus to the outside

• sperm are introduced here, infants and mentruation and newborn pass out

• (sperm in, infants and mens out)

testes

• these paired egg - shaped organs produce spermatozoa and male hormones

scrotum

• membranous sac that houses the testes

• edema of the _____ is common complication in edema cases

vas deferens

• spermatozoa pass from thee testes to the prostate through these tubes

Prostate

• an accessory gland

• secretion plus spermatozoa from the testes produce semen

penis

• male copulatory organs

• urine and semen pass to he outside through the urethra which lies within this part