The pelvis and pelvic viscera - bones, tendons, and surface anatomy

What are these bones called?

Pubis

What are these bones called?

ischium

What are these bones called?

Ilium

What is this bone called?

coccyx

What is this bone called?

Sacrum

How is the lower limb connected to the axial skeleton?

It is connected by the pelvic girdle

What is the collective name for this group of bones?

The pelvis. Consists of the hip bones, sacrum and coccyx.

Pelvic girdle

Collective name for the 3 fused bones making up each hip bone. It transfers the weight of the upper body to the lower limbs, as well as supporting and protecting the pelvic organs.

Articulations of the pelvic girdle

sacroiliac joint (with articular surface of sacrum), hip joint (with femur), pubic symphysis (with pubic cartilage)

Label this diagram of the ilium.

1. Gluteal surface

2. Iliac fossa

3. Iliac crest

4. Anterior superior iliac spine

5. Anterior inferior iliac spine

6. Posterior superior iliac spine

7. Posterior inferior iliac spine

8. Greater sciatic notch

What are these lines called?

Arcuate line

Label the gluteal lines on this diagram.

1. Posterior gluteal line

2. Anterior gluteal line

3. Inferior gluteal line

Label this diagram of the ischium.

1. Ischial spine

2. Ischial tuberosity

3. Superior ischial ramus

4. Body of ischium

5. Inferior ischial ramus

6. Lesser sciatic notch

Label this diagram of the pubis

1. Superior pubic ramus

2. Body of ramus

3. Inferior pubic ramus

4. Obturator foramen

What is this structure on the pubis called?

The pubic tubercle. This can be palpated and is an important landmark.

What are the purple lines called?

The pectineal lines

How many vertebrae are fused together to make the sacrum?

5

Label this diagram of the sacrum?

1. Anterior sacral foramena

2. Posterior sacral foramena

3. Promontory

4. Ala

How many bones are fused together to make the coccyx?

Highly variable number. The bones may not be fused.

Label the different joints in the pelvis

1. Sacroiliac joint

2. Lumbosacral joint

3. Sacrococcygeal

4. Pubic symphysis

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

Synovial

What is the purpose of the sacroiliac joint?

It transmits force from the lower limb to the vertebral column.

Is the sacroiliac joint mobile?

No, because it has interlocking surfaces.

What happens to the sacroiliac joint over time?

It ossifies.

Name these ligaments.

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

Fibrocartilaginous joint.

Name these ligaments

Name these ligaments.

Is the pelvic inlet superior or inferior?

Superior.

Is the pelvic outlet superior or inferior?

Inferior.

What is the area highlighted in red called?

The pelvic inlet.

What is the area highlighted in green called?

The pelvic outlet.

What is the true pelvis?

The area between the pelvic inlet and outlet.

What structures make up the pelvic inlet?

What structures make up the pelvic outlet?

Name these palpable landmarks on the pelvis.

1. High point of iliac crest

2. Iliac crest

3. Anterior superior iliac spine

4. Pubic tubercle

5. Posterior inferior iliac spine

6. Sacrum

7. Coccyx

Label the palpable landmarks and regions of the peritoneum.

1. Coccyx

2. Left ischial tuberosity

3. Right ischial tuberosity

4. Pubic synthesis

5. Urogenital triangle

6. Anal triangle

7. Peritoneal body