Osiander: Myth of Westphalia

Which centuries does Osiander claim Westphalia was a fixation of?

19th

20th

Does Osiander believe that the Hapsburgs posed a real threat to polities before the 30 years war?

No

According to Osiander, how was power distributed in Europe prior to 1648?

Dualist

What was the dualist makeup of power in Europe according to Osiander?

Between princely dynasties and estates

According to Osiander, what was the divide between princely states and estates?

Princely states Catholic

Estates Protestant

What date does Osiander already assert the Hapsburgs were on the brink of collapse?

1619

Why does Osiander theorise the Hapsburgs power had already declined by 1619?

By 1619 there was a Protestant majority on the electoral college the emperor was chosen

According to Osiander, when was the Protestant Ferdinand elected head of the Holy Roman Empire?

1619

What is the primary reason Osiander believes that the 30 years was fought?

The Particularists wanted to diminish the Hapsburg power

What is the traditional argument for the reasoning for the 30 years war?

Hapsburgs trying to expand

According to Osiander, what is the traditionalist view of the Peace of Westphalia?

About sovereignty

What is Osiander's argument about the Peace of Westphalia?

Myth has little to do with stakes of the war

Mainly anti-Hapsburg Propaganda

According to Osiander, how did the Hapsburgs increase their power?

non-violently through marriage.

According to Osiander, what were the limitations of the Holy Roman Empire?

Had no influence on lands beyond the empire

Symbolic power based on historical convention

According to Osiander, what did 20th Century historians argue Westphalia was about?

anti-hegemonical

According to Osiander, what are the 4 myths of Westphalia?

War about universalistic aspirations

Aspirations of rising individual states

Peace for sovereignty

Sidelined the pope

Does Osiander believe in 'Westphalian sovereignty'?

No - incorrect historically

According to Osiander, why has it been difficult to challenge the traditional view of Westphalia?

Treaties difficult to understand and rely on secondary sources

For Osiander, why does the Westphalian myth exist?

Creates 'neat' account of the founding of the modern European system + international system

According to Osiander, do the Westphalian treaties mention sovereignty?

No

How does Osiander show Westphalia was not that consequential for the Swiss?

2 Swiss cantons gave oath of citizenship to the Holy Roman Empire decades Westphalia.

What type of history does Osiander label the Westphalia myth as?

Teleological

One outcome both Beaulac and Osiander agree was significant from Westphalia:

Prevented rulers from forcibly changing religion of their state

When does Osiander assert sovereignty became a normative framework?

20th century

Which events in history does Osiander believe sparked real sovereignty?

French Revolution

Industrial Revolution

What parallel does Osiander draw between IGOs and the Holy Roman Empire.

Both trying to poorly intervene in domestic politics

According to Osiander, which organisation was the Holy Roman Empire most like?

European Union

According to Osiander, which current state is less impacted by the erosion of state autonomy?

USA