Maritime Review

3 major reasons why the Ming did not embark on trade/exploration as aggressively as the Europeans.

they had all the trade they needed coming to them.

they destroyed their junks to free up money for the great wall.

Merchants were low on Confucian rankings.

they believed their culture was so superior that they wanted very little from the outside world.

Zheng he?

Famous Chinese navigator (Indian ocean). Which helped Chinas superior position,

What did people have to do for the emperor? (Tribute system).

Kotow and bring gifts. This showed China dominance.

Where are Vikings from? Where did they go and why?

They're from Norway. They attacked Europe after the fall of Rome they made it to America Leif Erikson.

Where did Polynesians originate? How were they able to migrate?

They originated from China. They made it to Hawaii by using stars and knowledge of animals.

Why is 1450 considered to be part of a new era?

East and West were connected (new and old world were connected)

What was Portugals goal? Who did Portugal have to force out in order to achieve this goal?

Their goal was to obtain the Indian Ocean. They had to force out the Arabs out.

What was the cartaz?

License sold by the Portuguese to trade on the Indian Ocean.

What was the order of Christ Portuguese?

They were Christian extremists who traveled around Africa and the Indian Ocean.

What was traded with west and east Africa?

West Africa- Gold, slaves

East Africa- Timber, gold, ivory

West African Trade v. East African Trade How open were they to trade with the Portuguese/Europeans?

East Africa was not open as they were Muslims who had been educated about the crusades.

What was the gold coast?

west coast of Africa.

Magellan What effect did he have on the Age of Exploration?

Inspiration, sense of urgency.

What did Henry the navigator do?

Traveled the Atlantic coast of Africa.

Why does John Green call the Portuguese "glorified pirates?" - How is their control of a major trade route different from the Mongols?

They conquered a trade route but did not innovate it.

What's Spain's goal?

Gold.

Spain's Secondary goal.

Power, spread Christianity.

What did Colombus do?

Started the Columbian exchange.

What was the triangler trade?

Europeans trade guns for slaves in west Africa, slaves grow sugar cane, make molasses in the Caribbean, sugar & rum sold back to Europe

Largest migration since Columbus' "discovery?" 1492 - 1692?

West Africans

Caravel Who used it? What was its strong points?

Spain and Portugal, it was fast

Conquistadores (What was their primary goal? Secondary goal?)

1. Gold

2. Power, religion

Causes & consequences of Aztec & Inca defeats

Guns, germs and steel, horses, the wheel - germs kill the most natives.

Native American trade networks Size compared to those of the Eastern Hemisphere

Small, limited

Potato From where? Effect on Europe

Andes, South America —> Europe

Consequences of Silver mining - political, economic

1. Generates wealth for spain, creates financial centers in Europe (Spanish cities, Netherlands, London)

2.Much of it flows to China

3.Queen Elizabeth intensifies political rivalry by allowing pirates to raid Spanish ships

Why were the people of Spain & Portugal especially hostile towards Muslims & fanatical about Christianity?

Muslims controlled spain for 300 years

Where did the magnetic compass come from and what did the Magnetic compass help with?

Chinese, helped European maritime revol

where is the astrolabe from and how did it help the people?

Arab, helped European Maritime rev, used stars to determine latitude.