classification of matter - Chemistry
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36 Terms
Matter
Anything that has mass and space
Element
Composed of one atom
Compound
Chemically Composed of two or more elements
Protons
Have a positive charge
Electrons
Have a negative charge
Neutrons
Have no charge
Subatomic particles with the same mass
Protons and neutrons
Mixture
Physically mixed but not chemically mixed
Homogenous mixture
Different parts of elements in a mixture are not visible
Heterogeneous mixture
The different parts of the mixture is visible
What are the different states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas
Valence electrons
Electrons found on the outermost shell of an atom
Groups
Elements with similar properties in vertical columns
Periods
Horizontal rows of elements
Groups 1A
Alkali metals; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium
Groups 2A
Alkaline earth metals; magnesium and calcium
Group 7A
Halogens; chlorine, bromine, iodine
Group 8A
Noble gases; helium, neon, and argon
Metalloids
Located along the zigzag line between the metals and nonmetals
Nonmetals
Dull, brittle, and poor conductors; are good insulators
Metals
Shiny and ductile; good conductors of heat and electricity
Metalloids
Better conductors than nonmetals but not as good as metals; are used as semiconductors and insulators
how many elements are essential for human life?
20
What is the atomic number of an element
The number that appears above the symbol of an element on the periodic table
How to find protons
Atomic number (top) is number of protons
How to find neurons
Mass number (top) - atomic number (bottom) = neutrons
Mass number
Found at the bottom of a element
The first shell of an atom
Can only have 2 electrons
The second shell of an atom
Can only have 8 electrons
The third shell of an atom
Can hold 8 electrons
The atomic number also equals the amount of
Protons in an atom
The group number ( horizontal ) of the periodic table helps you find
The number of valence electrons
Halogens will always have
7 valence electrons ( group 7A )
Protons and neutrons both weigh
1 amu
Isotopes
Different number of protons and neutrons
Note 
Flashcards (72)