6.9 Hydroelectric Power

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21 Terms

1
hydroelectricity
power generated by the kinetic energy of moving water
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2
run of the river

retained behind a low dam, no reservoirs

  • pro: little flooding, river flow is not disrupted

  • cons: smaller, unpredictable

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3
water impoundment dams

largest reservoir

  • Grand coube dam (WA)

  • largest dam: three gorge dam (yangtze river, china)

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4
tidal systems
* efficient (80% can be converted)
* cant be a widespread energy source because tidal difference is not enough in most places
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5
biggest potential
tidal systems in France, Korea, Canada
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6
tidal difference
difference in height of high tide and low tide
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7
benefit
water for year round irrigation
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8
benefit
drinking water
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9
benefit
recreation and fishing in reservoirs
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10
benefit
hydropower is cheap
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11
benefit
reduce down stream flooding
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12
drawback
newly flooded land destroys cropland and forests, displaces people
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13
drawback
water loss due to evaporation
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14
drawback
down stream land deprived of nutrients
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15
drawback
risk of catastrophic failure/flooding
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16
drawback
fish migration/spawning disrupted
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17
dam removal
  • habitat restoration

  • danger of failing structures ( consider cost of repair)

  • restore

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18
dam removal problems
  • might change flow direction

  • legacy sediment (mental contamination)

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19
three gorge dam
  • yangtza river china

  • 2 kilometers long

  • the electric output of 18 large coal-burning or nuclear power plants

  • displaced 12 million people

  • dam is built over seismic fault and already has small crack

  • erosion, sedimentation, flooding

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20
fish ladders
assist fish in migration, help with fish producing spawn
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21
fingerlings
  • spawn of fish

  • get back downstream past the dam through nets, channels, and transport pipes

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