Health Science 1 Junior Final Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Health Science 1 Junior Final Review.

CPR

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; a life-saving procedure used when someone's breathing or heart stops.

Domestic Violence

Abuse within a close relationship, including physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional abuse; always reportable.

Employability

The quality of having the attributes and skills that enable someone to gain employment.

Vital Signs

Measurements of the body's most basic functions, including temperature, pulse, respiration rate, and blood pressure; indicate client status.

Wellness & Nutrition

Practices and knowledge related to maintaining good health through balanced diet and lifestyle.

Medical Terminology

The language of medicine, including terms related to body systems, diseases, and procedures to allow clear communication

Tachy-

Rapid, fast

Pharyng/o

Pharynx, throat

Gastr/o

Stomach

Cyst/o

Urinary bladder

Nulli-

None

Mastectomy

Surgical removal of breast

Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of uterus

Pediatrician

Physician who specializes in children

Obstetrician

Physician who specializes in delivery of babies

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstruation/menstrual flow

Urologist

Physician who specializes in the urinary system

Gynecologist

Physician who specializes in women

Nephrologist

Physician who specializes in kidneys

Pulmonologist

Physician who specializes in the lungs and respiratory diseases

Nephrolithiasis

Kidney stone

Emesis

Vomiting or to vomit

Xerostomia

Dry mouth

Bruxism

Grinding or clenching teeth

Rugae

Folds of the stomach wall

Epistaxis

Nose bleed

Atelectasis

Collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of a lung

Rhinorrhea

Runny nose

Otolaryngologist

Ear, nose, and throat specialist

Aorta

Largest blood vessel (artery) in the body; leaves the left ventricle.

Superior Vena Cava

Largest vein in body; leads into the right atrium

Phleb/o

Vein

Ather/o

Plaque, fatty substance

Aort/o

Aorta

Arteri/o

Artery

Endo-

Inside, within

Acr/o

Extremities

Aden/o

Gland

Poly-

Many

Dipsia

Thirst

-megaly

Abnormal enlargement

Atria

Chambers where blood enters the heart.

Leukocytes

White blood cells (WBCs); fight infection/pathogens & remove wastes from cells

Thrombocytes

Platelets; help form clots

Plasma

Yellow liquid part of blood that has protein and antibodies in it.

Endocardium

The inner most layer of the heart

Myocardium

The muscular layer of heart, found between the endocardium and pericardium.

Pericardium

Outer Most layer of the heart

Universal Donor

Blood type O-.

Hemoglobin

Attached to red blood cells and helps them to carry oxygen and remove CO2.

Arteries

Blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels carry blood TOWARDS the heart.

Hypertension

High blood pressure. Blood pressure above 130/80

Pulmonary Circulation

Heart to lungs to heart.

Systemic Circulation

Heart to rest of body & back to heart.

Alveoli

Exchange O2 & CO2.

Epiglottis

Flap of cartilage/tissue that covers trachea when you swallow, preventing food from entering the air passages.

Ventilation

The physical act of breathing.

Larynx

Location of the vocal cords.

Trachea

Windpipe.

Emphysema

Chronic cough, bluish tint to skin, barrel shaped chest. Usually the person was/is a heavy smoker.

Diaphragm

Flat, domed-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity.

Pleura

Thin membrane surrounds the lungs and protects them from damaged caused by friction every time you breath and they expand & contract.

Small Intestine

Food gets absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestine.

Large intestine

Water get absorbed into the bloodstream in the large intestine.

Cardiac Sphincter

The sphincter (opening) into the stomach at the bottom of the esophagus. It prevents backflow of contents from the stomach into the esophagus and controls the entrance into the stomach.

Amylase

Chemical breakdown begins when food mixes with saliva.

Bolus

Once food is chewed up and mixed with saliva what it is called

Obese or Morbidly Obese

Morbidly obese is more than 100 lbs over your ideal weight.

Peristalsis

Slow, wave-like contractions that move food along/through the digestive system. It is also used in other parts of the body to move things along.

Medulla

The middle section of the kidney.

Cortex

The outer portion of the kidney

Hilum

the indentation portion of the kidney that serves as a passageway for nerves and vessels to enter & leave

Renal Calculus

A stone formed in the kidney when uric acid and calcium salts from urine clump together. Kidney Stone or Nephroliathiasis.

Kidneys

Filter blood & make urine

Ureters

Move urine from kidneys to bladder

Bladder

Muscular sac that holds urine

Urethra

Tube that carries urine out of the body.

Nephron

Tiny structure in the kidneys where blood is filtered and urine is formed.

Scrotum

Maintains a lower temperature for sperm development

Testes

Male gonads.

Ovaries

Female gonads.

Fimbriae

Its swept into a fallopian tube by fimbriae, Muscle contractions of peristalsis move the ovum through the fallopian tube, tiny hairs (cilia) help to guide the ovum through the fallopian tube

Ovulation

Takes place once every 28 days

Adrenal Glands

Above kidneys.

Pancreas

Considered to be both a exocrine gland and an endocrine gland.

Insulin & Glucagon

Regulates blood sugars.

Thyroid Gland

Helps regulate body metabolism.

Pituitary Gland

Master gland.

Lymph Nodes

Produce antibodies.

Allergy

The body’s hypersensitive response to an outside substance that is otherwise harmless.

Thymus

Protects against childhood disease.

Spleen

Destroys & removes old red blood cells.

Autoimmune Disease

The body turns against itself and attacks normal cells.

Cardiac Arrest

The heart stops working; Person is not breathing, no pulse, no response

SOAP Notes

A way to take notes on a patient and patient information. Subjective information, Objective information, Assessment, Plan; Benefit is employees know where to look for information.

Symptom

Subjective information; complaints by the patients that cannot be measured by others

Reference

Someone who can speak positively about an applicant

Application

A form where an applicant provides information about his/her experience & it will always ask if you are a US citizen

Responsibility

Admitting to mistakes when they are made