Chapter 5 - African Resistance & Legacies of the Scramble for Africa

What were some reasons for African resistance to European colonization?-Protect land and culture, Defend sovereignty, Negotiate for better terms, Military resistance

What was the Zulu Wars?-A significant resistance movement in South Africa where the Zulu Kingdom, led by Shaka and Cetshwayo, fought against British forces.

What was the Maji Maji Rebellion?-An uprising in German East Africa where African warriors believed sacred water would protect them from bullets against German colonial rule.

What was the Mahdist Revolt?-A resistance led by the Mahdi in Sudan against British and Egyptian rule, symbolizing religious and military opposition.

Why did most African resistance movements struggle to succeed?-European powers had advanced weaponry, better organization, and more resources, overpowering African forces.

How did African resistance efforts influence future independence movements?-They inspired later generations and laid the groundwork for future struggles for self rule and freedom.

How did borders created during the Scramble for Africa cause conflicts?-Artificial borders divided ethnic groups and forced rival communities to coexist, leading to ethnic tensions.

What are some economic challenges faced by African nations due to colonization?-Economic dependency on Europe, Lack of investment in infrastructure, Limited local development

How did colonization disrupt African cultures?-European languages, religions, and customs were imposed, leading to the suppression of local traditions and erosion of cultural identity.

Who was Kwame Nkrumah?-A leader in Ghana who led the country to independence in 1957, symbolizing the struggle for freedom.

Who was Nelson Mandela?-A prominent figure in South Africa who fought against apartheid and became a symbol of the struggle for self rule.

What was the impact of colonial rule on African cultures?-Disruption of traditional practices, Introduction of foreign cultures, Loss of indigenous languages

How did colonial rule affect African languages?-Suppression of local languages, Promotion of colonial languages, Language shift in education

Who was a key leader in the African independence movements?-Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana), Julius Nyerere (Tanzania), Nelson Mandela (South Africa)

What role did Kwame Nkrumah play in ending colonial rule?-Led Ghana to independence in 1957, Advocated for pan, Africanism Promoted economic independence

What role did Nelson Mandela have in ending apartheid?-Fought against apartheid regime, Became South Africa's first Black president, Promoted reconciliation and unity