Jefferson's Democracy

Election of 1800

Jefferson and Burr run for president but end up in a tie and when it they revoted there was 35 ballots in Congress but neither have them had 9 votes so hamilton steps up and says Jefferson because he has more experience. Jefferson President and Burr VP. Hatred begun between Hamilton and Burr.

Amendment 12

The president and vice president run on separate ballots

Election of 1804

it was the re-election of Jefferson. His opponent was pickney who was federalist. Jefferson won a lot. It was during the time when the Democratic-republicans were dominating

Midnight Judges

A group of judges appointed by Adams that start to affect Jeffersons power in the government because he fears he wouldn’t be able to get everything done. This happened during the Judiciary Act when Adams appoints these federal judges right when he signs out of office.

Marbury vs Madison

Marbury was supposed to be one of those federal judges Adams appointed before Jefferson took office but he idn’t get his commission in time and the new Secretary of State James Madison refused to give it to him which lead him to sue. When it went to court the chief of justice Marshall refused to give him the power because if the Court gave him it, it would be unconstitutional.

John Marshall

He was the Chief of Justice appointed by Adams (federalist).

Judicial Review

Principle of the court that decides whether the laws are constitutional and if it is unconstitutional they have the right to invalidate it.

Barbary Pirates

They start seizing ships on the coast and asking for birbes. The US refused to give in to the $2 million tribute and in 1801 sent aa fleet to stop them. The US lose and they pay $60,000 to release the hostages.

Louisiana Purchase

Spain had control over Louisiana because of the Treaty of Paris and then gave it back to France because they were afraid of Napoleon. Then Jefferson sent Livingston and Monroe to France to offer $10 million for New Orlean. Napoleon says he doesn't want it.

Aaron Burr

He was key figures in American politics, a soldier, and vice president with Jefferson. He most known for his duel against Hamilton when he shot him, which plummeted his career and reputation

Essex Junta

A small group of federalists from New England who were very critical of power of the Democratic Republicans. They also pushed for secession, regionalism, and states rights.

secession - to break away from a larger country to form their own independent one

Lewis and Clark

two American explorers who led the Lewis and clark expedition that was sent by jefferson the explore the LA territory, find a route to the pacific ocean and gain knowledge of the lands. Lewis was assigned as the main leader with Clark as the co-leader. Clark was good at solving the challenges they faced on the way and the mapping and Lewis documenting and keeping everything organized including details of the western lands.

Sacagawea

She was a leader from the Shoshone tribe and was used as a translator and guide during the expedition. She ended up meeting up with her brother when they ran into the lands of the Shoshone tribe which saved them for crossing the rocky mountains because they gave them horses

Continental system

was an ecomic blocked placed on Britian by Napoleon because they were one of their greatest enemies and they thought of they cut off their trade with other European countries it would weaken their economy

Result - other countries were weakened because they couldn’t trade with Britain, it led to Britain blockading France(weakening their economy), and led to impressment of 5000 American sailors

Orders in Council

Britain blockading France in response to the Continental System and Napoleonic wars. This weakened their economy and led to impressment of 5000 American sailors

Berlin and Milan Decrees

issued by Napoleon aimed at Britian. Said that any ship that agrees to Britiain is condered an enemy ship

Leopard and Chesapeake

the British HMS Leopard stopped USS Chesapeake and demanded for a search of any British citizens(implying impressment). The captain of the USS Baron refused so the Brits started firing and killed 3 and wounded many They then took 4 sailors claimed to be British citizens when some weren’t.

Embargo Act

Jefferson plans to prohibit American ships trading with foreign countries to convince the Brits and France to not start war. It ended up failing and led to smuggling, economic depression, and unemployment. It deeply affected the US economy. Jefferson was then blamed for the failure because Britain and France didn’t change at all because they have land and colonies world wide.

Non-Intercourse Act

Followed the Embargo Act after it failed. Plan was to reopen the trade with all the countries except great Britain and France to make them respect them. However it also had little change for them

Macon’s Bill No. 2

It said that if they stopped seizing US ships then they should reopen trade with them but if they didn't they would keep them closed off. France ends up agreeing but the British do not, which helped lead to the War of 1812

How was the election of 1800 settled

Since Burr and Jefferson came to a tie, it then went to the House of Representatives and they decided. It was ran by federalists so many reps were leaning for Burr but a leading federalist John Adams like Jefferson more so was able to persuade enough reps to vote for Jefferson so after 36 ballots, he won.

What actions did Jefferson take in his first term?

Jefferson did as much as he could to limit the government power so he cut down government spending, he repealed the Alien and Sedition Acts, he expanded the lands by The Louisiana Purchase, he sent out Lewis and Clark to explore that territory and bond with the Natives, and he tried to maintain peace by keeping the US out of war and stopping the barbary pirates.

How were the barbary pirates dealt with?

for years the US paid them to leave the American ships alone but this time Jefferson refused so he sent in the US navy to protect the American and European ships. The US navy then blockaded the Tripoli tribe and then came to a peace treaty that was a smaller pay but not a yearly tribute.

why did Napoleon agree to sell the LA to us?

because he needed money to fund for his upcoming war against Europe, he had no use for the land and it helped avoid any problems so he could focus on Europe.

Why did the Essex Junto fail?

because what they wanted was too extreme and then had nobody to support this idea, they were losing more and more power, and they were seen as very untouched with the country so they weren't very popular.

Why wasn’t Burr convicted of treason?

because even though it was illegal some of the public accepted it in certain areas, he was also vice president so he had a lot of political power, so nobody really pushed hard enough to prosecute him.

How did lewis and clark impact the US?

they helped map the lands for the US, make peace with the Natives, discover plants and animals, find paths to move west, and showed that the US was serious about settling west which made the US bigger and stronger.

how did Jefferson respond to britain and Frances interference in our trade?

he tried to avoid war by have the embargo act that stopped the US trading with any foreign countries so neither France or britain would feel hurt and stop attacking. however this soon broke down the US economy and hurt merchants and other people so it started smuggling