Soil subsurface horizons

Argillic

accumulation of silicate clays, mostly illuviated, occurs

Kandic

same properties as argillic, clay mineralogy is different, dominated by little clays, found in SE US. Lots of weathering, low base cations.

Natric

Argillic horizon with more than 15% exchangeable sodium. Columnar structure. Little white domes shape

Calcic

Accumulation of CaCO3 usually in nodules. Semi arid dry climates. Calcium carbonate is soluble.

Spodic

illuviation of iron and aluminum oxides or humic colloids elluviate to B horizon

Oxic

highly weathered, high oxides. brightly colored. common in a hot and humid environment. could be 80% rust

Cambic

minimal soil content. weak structure. could have leaching calcium carbonate.