Exothermic + Endothermic Reactions
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15 Terms
What is the conservation of energy principle?
Energy is conserved in chemical reactions. The amount of energy in the universe at the end of a chemical reaction is the same as before the reaction takes place
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings so that the surroundings’ temperature increases. Negative sign of energy change
What are examples of exothermic reactions?
Combustion, oxidation reactions and neutralisation (acid + alkali) reactions.
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction where energy is taken in from the surroundings so the surroundings’ temperature decreases. Positive sign of energy change
What are examples of endothermic reactions?
Thermal decomposition, reaction of citric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate.
What is activation energy?
Minimum amount of energy that particles need to react
What is a reaction profile?
Reaction profile is a graph which shows the relative energies of reactants and products, as well as activation energy of the reaction
What occurs in a chemical reaction in terms of bond energies?
Energy is supplied to break bonds and energy is released when bonds are made.
Describe endothermic reactions in terms of bond breaking/forming.
The energy released from forming bonds is greater than that needed to break the bonds.
Describe exothermic reactions in terms of bond breaking/forming
The energy needed to break bonds is greater than energy released making them.
What is the equation to find enthalpy change in terms of bond energies?
Energy of reaction = sum of bonds broken – sum of bonds made