SOC134 Social Movements & Politics Flashcards

What was the impact of economic restructuring on the Civil Rights Movement?

It provided low-skill factory jobs that gave impoverished people, especially Black Americans, new economic opportunities.

How did the Great Migration help the Civil Rights Movement?

It moved many Black Americans north into areas with more support for civil rights.

What effect did WWII have on the Civil Rights Movement?

It exposed the U.S.'s hypocrisy in fighting racism abroad while tolerating it domestically, inspiring hope for change.

How did political realignment contribute to the Civil Rights Movement?

It led to many Democrats supporting civil rights, causing Black Americans to shift toward supporting Northern Democrats.

What legal reforms helped the Civil Rights Movement succeed?

Court rulings like Brown v. Board of Education overturned segregation policies like 'separate but equal'.

What role did the Cold War play in the Civil Rights Movement?

U.S. racial injustice became a propaganda tool for the Soviet Union, pressuring Congress to act.

What tactics did the Civil Rights Movement (1955–1965) use?

Nonviolent peaceful protests, civil disobedience, and legal action.

Who led the Civil Rights Movement?

Leaders like MLK Jr., and groups like SCLC, SNCC, CORE, and NAACP.

What was the purpose of the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)?

To protest segregated buses after Rosa Parks' arrest, leading to desegregation.

What were the Student Sit-Ins (1960)?

Peaceful protests by students demanding integration at segregated lunch counters.

What were the Freedom Rides (1961)?

Interracial activists protested segregation in public transportation.

What was the Birmingham Campaign (1963)?

A movement to desegregate Birmingham through protests and media exposure.

What was Freedom Summer (1964)?

A campaign to register Black voters in Mississippi, often met with violence.

What was the March on Washington (1964)?

A rally to pressure Congress for civil and economic rights, featuring MLK’s 'I Have a Dream' speech.

What was the Selma-Montgomery March (1965)?

A protest march for voting rights that helped lead to the Voting Rights Act.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish?

It outlawed discrimination in public spaces and employment.

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?

It banned discriminatory voting practices like literacy tests.

What is preclearance in the context of voting?

A rule requiring Southern states to get federal approval before changing election laws.

What 2013 Supreme Court case struck down preclearance?

Shelby County v. Holder.

What did the Fair Housing Act of 1968 prohibit?

Discrimination in housing based on race, religion, or national origin.

What event pushed Congress to pass the Fair Housing Act?

The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

How did the Black Power Movement differ from the CRM?

It supported self-defense, Black separation, and power instead of nonviolent integration.

What were the objectives of the American Indian Movement (AIM)?

To preserve Native culture, language, and traditions.

What protest did AIM lead?

The Wounded Knee Occupation.

What was the Southern Strategy?

A political tactic appealing to white voters using subtle racism.

What is coded language?

Words or phrases that appear neutral but imply racist ideas.

What is dog whistle politics?

Subtle messaging meant to appeal to specific groups without provoking opposition.

What is racial gerrymandering?

Redrawing voting districts to dilute minority voting power.

What was the goal of the Standing Rock protests?

To stop the Dakota Access Pipeline due to threats to land, water, and sacred Native sites.

What tactics were used in the Standing Rock protests?

Marches and physically blocking pipeline construction.