CHEM 2321/2324 Lecture 9 - Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

These flashcards cover vocabulary and key concepts from the lecture on the nomenclature and conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes.

IUPAC

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, provides rules and guidelines for nomenclature in chemistry.

Alkane

A saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula C_nH_(2n+2), characterized by single covalent bonds.

Substituent

A chemical fragment attached to a main structure in organic compounds.

Hexane Isomers

Different structural forms of hexane that share the same molecular formula but have different connectivity.

Branched Alkanes

Alkanes that contain one or more substituents attached to the main carbon chain.

Di-, Tri-, Tetra-

Prefixes used to indicate the presence of two, three, or four identical substituents respectively.

Natural Gas

A mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane, typically obtained from fossil fuel sources.

Functional Group Priority

The ranking system that dictates the precedence of functional groups when naming organic compounds.

Closed Note and Closed Book Exam

An exam format where no additional resources, such as notes or textbooks, are allowed.

Constitutional Isomers

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the connectivity of their atoms.

Apperson Form 29240

A specific type of answer sheet required for taking exams at UTEP.

Nomenclature

The system of naming chemical compounds.

Hydrocarbons

Organic compounds consisting exclusively of hydrogen and carbon.

Methanol

An alcohol that has one carbon atom, also known as wood alcohol.

Haloalkanes

Alkanes with one or more halogen substituents, replaced hydrogen atoms.

Open Chain Alkanes

Alkanes that do not contain any rings, also known as acyclic hydrocarbons.

Cycloalkanes

Saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring.

Count Number of Carbons

The first step in naming linear alkanes; identify the number of carbon atoms in the main chain.