VOCAB UNIT 4

Consummate

(adj) complete or perfect in the highest degree; (v) to bring to a state of completion or perfection

Frenetic

(adj) frenzied, highly agitated

Grouse

(n) a type of game bird; a complaint; (v) to complain, grumble

Incarcerate

(v) to imprison, confine, jail

Mordant

(adj) biting or caustic in thought, manner, or style; sharply or bitterly harsh

Pusillanimous

(adj) contemptibly cowardly or mean-spirited

Stratagem

(n) a scheme to outwit or deceive an opponent or to gain an end

Atrophy

(n) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v) to waste energy

Bastion

(n) a fortified place, stronghold

Concord

(n) a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant

Disarray

(n) disorder, confusion; (v) to throw into disorder

Exigency

(n, often pl) urgency, pressure; urgent demand, pressing need; an emergency

Flotsam

(n) floating debris; homeless, impoverished people

Glean

(v) to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers

Incumbent

(adj) obligatory, required; (n) one who holds a specific office at the time spoken of

Jocular

(adj) humorous, jesting, jolly, joking

Ludicrous

(adj) ridiculous, laughable, absurd

Nettle

(n) a prickly or stinging plant; (v) to arouse displeasure, impatience, or anger; to vex or irritate severely

Pecuniary

(adj) consisting of or measured in money; of or related to money

Recumbent

(adj) in a reclining position, lying down, in the posture of one sleeping or resting