Slide 1 GI

Elevated neutrophils (bands and segmented forms) are most commonly associated with which condition? A. Viral infections B. Allergic reactions C. Pyogenic (bacterial) infections D. Autoimmune hemolysis

C. Pyogenic (bacterial) infections

Monocytes are typically elevated in which of the following conditions? A. Only parasitic infections B. Viral and pyogenic infections C. Only allergic reactions D. Only autoimmune disorders

B. Viral and pyogenic infections

Elevated eosinophils are most commonly associated with which conditions? A. Bacterial infections only B. Viral infections only C. Allergic reactions or parasitic infections D. Trauma and hemorrhage

C. Allergic reactions or parasitic infections

Abnormal CNS processing of afferent signals in IBS leads to which of the following? A. Reduced intestinal motility B. Increased bile secretion C. Visceral hypersensitivity D. Increased RBC production

C. Visceral hypersensitivity

Which of the following is considered an alarm (red flag) sign for IBS that requires further evaluation? A. Intermittent mild bloating B. Symptoms relieved after defecation C. Unexplained weight loss or rectal bleeding D. Symptoms triggered by stress

C. Unexplained weight loss or rectal bleeding

Which statement best describes the Rome IV criteria for IBS? A. Presence of diarrhea only for at least 1 month B. Abdominal pain unrelated to bowel habits C. Abdominal pain related to defecation along with changes in stool frequency and form D. Constipation lasting more than 6 months

C. Abdominal pain related to defecation along with changes in stool frequency and form

What are the first-line treatments for IBS? A. Immediate use of antibiotics B. Surgical intervention C. Nonpharmacologic interventions followed by loperamide as needed D. Chronic opioid therapy

C. Nonpharmacologic interventions followed by loperamide as needed

What is a common symptom pattern seen in IBS-D? A. Symptoms only at night with no stool changes B. Morning and post-meal symptoms with mucus in stool C. Constipation with hard, pellet-like stools only D. No abdominal pain with normal stool frequency

B. Morning and post-meal symptoms with mucus in stool