P.E flashcards

use these to study and pass ur exams

What are the 3 main types of muscle?

Voluntary, Involuntary, Cardiac

What is the main function of all muscles?

To create movement through contraction and relaxation

What are tendons?

Non-elastic fibers that attach muscles to bones

What are ligaments?

Elastic fibers that join bones together at joints

Which muscle type works automatically?

Smooth/Involuntary muscles

Skeletal muscles are also called ______ muscles

Voluntary or striped

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Only in the heart

Which muscle type never tires?

Cardiac muscle

Give an example of where smooth muscles work

Stomach, gut, arteries, bladder

Front: Which fiber type has better oxygen supply?

Slow-twitch fibers

Front: Slow-twitch fibers are good for ______ activities

Back: Aerobic/endurance (e.g., distance running)

Front: Fast-twitch fibers tire ______

Back: Quickly

Sprinters develop more ______ fibers

Fast-twitch

Distance runners develop more ______ fibers

Slow-twitch

What is a prime mover (agonist)?

Muscle that contracts to start a movement

What is an antagonist?

Muscle that relaxes to allow movement to happen

What do fixators do?

Contract to steady parts of the body for a firm base

Biceps acting to bend the elbow is an example of a ______

Flexor

Triceps acting to straighten the elbow is an example of an ______

Extensor

Point of origin is where muscle attaches to the ______ bone

Stable (non-moving) bone

Point of insertion is where muscle attaches to the ______ bone

Moving bone

What is muscle tone?

When a small number of muscle fibers are partly contracted (readiness to respond)

What is hypertrophy?

Increase in muscle size due to exercise

What is atrophy?

Wasting away of muscle due to lack of use

Flexion causes a limb to ______

bend

Extension causes a joint to ______

Straighten

Abduction moves a limb ______ the body midline

Away from

Adduction moves a limb ______ the body midline

Toward

Rotation vs Circumduction difference

Rotation = around an axis; Circumduction = circular movement of ball & socket joint

Front: RICE stands for...

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Acute injuries are caused by...

Sudden stress/accidents

Overuse injuries examples

Tennis elbow, shin splints, blisters

3 ways to avoid sports injuries

1) Proper warm-up, 2) Correct technique, 3) Wear correct equipment

Good posture puts ______ strain on muscles

Least strain

One benefit of good posture

Uses less energy/prevents injury/helps digestion

Poor posture can lead to...

Fatigue, injury, digestion problems

What builds up in muscles during exercise causing fatigue?

Lactic acid and carbon dioxide

Exercise improves ______, which is muscle readiness

Muscle tone

Front: During exercise, blood flow to muscles ______

Increases

Exercise

Physical activity for health/fitness

Nutrition

Getting food/energy for health

Hydration

Maintaining body water balance

Rest

Relaxation/sleep for recovery

Oxygen

Gas needed for energy production

Hygiene

Cleanliness practices for health

Mental Health

Emotional and social well-being