Bio 115 - WVU EXAM 2

5, 6, 7

A new flower species has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?

Red and Yellow

Where do the majority of the atoms for a plant's macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, come from?

Air

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the ______.

stroma

Which of the following best describes the function of the Calvin Cycle?

convert chemical energy (ATP and NADPH) to chemical energy (glucose)

Increasing the amount of carbon dioxide available will _______ the rate of the Calvin Cycle.

increase

Which photosynthetic process is associated with the most ATP production?

1. reactions at Photosystem II

2. reactions at Photosystem I

3. Calvin Cycle

reactions at Photosystem II

Endocytosis is the process by which ___.

the plasma membrane pinches off to take up material from the outside of the cell.

Which of the following is an example of autophagy?

A membrane encloses a peroxisome which is then delivered to a lysosome.

Phagocytosis is a way for cells to ___.

Transport a food particle or smaller cell into the from the outside of the cell into the cell.

In _____ inhibition, the inhibitor binds a region of the enzyme different from the active site. In _____ inhibition, the inhibitor binds the active site.

1. allosteric

2. competitive

Muscle cells in oxygen deprivation convert pyruvate to ______ and in this step gain ______.

Lactate, NAD+

Select all that apply. What are the products of glycolysis?

ATP, NADH, 2 pyruvate

Which of the following would be the last effect of blocking the last step in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria of one of your cells?

ATP synthase production of ATP would stop.

What are features shared by ALL cells?

1. Cell Membrane

2. Ribosomes

3. Biological Molecules (DNA, Protein, Carbohydrates)

4. Cytosol (Cytoplasm)

True or False? Prokaryotic cells do not contain membrane-bound organelles.

false

Which of these characteristics are shared by all living things?

1. cell membrane

2. cell wall

3. vacuole

4. deoxyribonucleic acid

5. nucleus

6. ribosomes

1. cell membrane

2. deoxyribonucleic acid

3. ribosomes

Select all that apply. Which of these organelles / molecules are involved in some way in building proteins?

1. rough E. R.

2. ribosome

3. golgi apparatus

4. nucleus

5. DNA

6. mRNA

What happens to the atoms that make up fat molecules that your body catabolizes?

They are released as CO2 and H2O.

During aerobic cellular respiration, a proton gradient in mitochondria will be generated by ______ and used primarily for _____ .

the electron transport chain, ATP synthesis

Which step in cellular respiration produces ATP? Select all that apply

electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

Pyruvate Processing

glycolysis

citric acid cycle

electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, glycolysis, citric acid cycle

The immediate source of energy that allows ATP synthase to make ATP is

proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane

Which of the following statements is true of both lactic acid fermentation and ethanol fermentation?

They directly produce NADH

They use oxygen

They directly produce NAD+

They directly produce ATP

They directly produce NAD+

Which one of the steps produces the most ATP when glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water?

electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

Complete the electron flow concept map.

Word bank: Acetyl CoA, CAC, ETC (cellular respiration), ETC (photosynthesis) G3P, FADH2, glycolysis, 2H+, NADH, NADPH, NADPH reductase, ½ O2, Photosystem I, Photosystem II, pyruvate, pyruvate processing, reduction

 

Questions

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2

3

4

5

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16

1. Photosystem II

2. ETC (Photosynthesis)

3. Photosystem I

4. NADPH Reductase

5. NADPH

6. Reduction

7. G3P

8. Glycolysis

9. Pyruvate

10. Pyruvate Processing

11. Acetyl CoA

12. CAC

13. FADH2

14. NADH

15. 2 H+

16. ½ O2

17. ETC (Cellular Respiration)

Complete the carbon flow concept map.

Word bank: Acetyl CoA, Carbon fixation, Citric acid cycle, G3P, Glycolysis, Pyruvate, Pyruvate processing, Reduction, RuBP, Rubisco

 

Questions

1

2

3

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10

1. RuBP

2. Carbon Fixation

3. Rubisco

4. Reduction

5. G3P

6. Glycolysis

7. Pyruvate

8. Pyruvate Processing

9. Acetyl CoA

10. Citric Acid Cycle

What are the outputs and inputs of glycolysis?

inputs: glucose, NAD+H+, ADP+P outputs: NADH, pyruvate, ATP

What are the inputs and outputs of pyruvate processing?

inputs: pyruvate→ CoA, NAD+ + H+

outputs: CO2 + acetyl CoA, NADH

What are the inputs and outputs of CAC?

inputs: acetyl CoA, FAD + H+, NAD + H+, ADP+P outputs: CO2, FADH2, NADH, ATP

What are the inputs and outputs of the ETC?

inputs: NADH, FADH2, ADP+P, O2+H+

outputs: NAD+ + H+, FAD+2H+, ATP, H2O

what are the inputs and outputs of the light-dependent reactions?

inputs: sunlight, NADP + H+, ADP+P, water

outputs: ATP, NADPH, O2 + H+

What are the inputs and outputs of the Calvin Cycle?

inputs: CO2, NADPH, ATP,

outputs: ADP, NADP + H+, sugar 

What is chemiosmosis?

The process by which hydrogen ions (protons) diffuse to the other side of the biological membrane from high to low concentration.

What’s the function of the CAC?

Finish break down of carbon

What’s the function of pyruvate processing?

transfer carbon containing molecule to mitochondria

Select all that apply. Which of the following are found in plant cells?

1. chloroplasts

2. cell wall

3. lysosome

4. mitochondria

5. cell membrane

6. centromere

1. chloroplasts 2. cell wall 3. mitochondria 4. cell membrane

Which of the following reactions is the correct description of the beginning of the Citric Acid Cycle?

Acetyl CoA + citrate = oxaloacetate

Pyruvate + citrate = oxaloacetate

Acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate = citrate

Pyruvate + oxaloacetate = citrate

Acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate = citrate

For each of the following processes listed, determine if the process occurs during cellular respiration, photosynthesis, both, or neither.

1

oxygen is the final electron acceptor

2

Reduction of NADP+

3

water is an electron donor

4

chemiosmosis occurs

5

Generation of proton gradients

1. Respiration

2. Photosynthesis

3. Photosynthesis

4. BOTH

5. BOTH

For each of the following processes listed, determine if the process occurs during cellular respiration, photosynthesis, or both.

1. All reactions can occur in the dark or light

2

reactions that involve chemiosmosis

3

Reactions that can occur in all eukaryotic cells

4

reactions that need enzymes

5

reactions that involve NADPH

6

Reactions that can occur in sunlight

7

reactions that produce water

8

reactions that use carbon dioxide 

9

reactions where ATP is the FINAL product

10

reactions that occur in cells that contain chloroplasts

1. ONLY cellular respiration

2. BOTH

3. ONLY cellular respiration

4. BOTH

5. ONLY photosynthesis

6. BOTH

7. ONLY cellular respiration

8. ONLY photosynthesis

9. ONLY cellular respiration

10. ONLY photosynthesis

Which of the following structures listed below have a circular chromosome? Select all that apply.

A.

Eukaryotic Cells

B.
Mitochondria

C.
Lysosomes

D.
Chloroplasts

E.
Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells


Chloroplasts


Lysosomes


Mitochondria

A photosynthesizing plant is moved from light to dark. Which of the following describes the correct order in which these processes will stop?

1. ATP formation, carbon dioxide fixation, oxygen release

2. ATP formation, oxygen release, carbon dioxide fixation

3. oxygen release, ATP formation, carbon dioxide fixation

4. carbon dioxide fixation, ATP formation, oxygen release

1. oxygen release, ATP formation, carbon dioxide fixation