Adu Building Utilities 2 Electrical

2 Electrical

is a form of energy generated by friction, induction or chemical change, having magnetic, chemical and radiant effect.

Electricity

means Electrons in motion

Electricity

DC

Direct Current

AC

Alternating Current

Volts x Amperes

= Watts

Volts x Amperes

= Volt Amperes

Volts x Amperes x power factor

= Watts

Two fundamental types of connections:

1. Series circuit

2. Parallel circuit

Different types of an outlet

1. Convenience outlet

2. Lighting outlet

3. Receptacle outlet

is any current in excess of rated capacity of the equipment or the rated ampacity of the conductor

Over Current

Fuse Types

1. Cartridge type

2. Plug Fuse type

is an over current device designed to function as a switch

Circuit Breaker

Service Entrance

1. Overhead service

2. Underground service

Residential Projects

Single Phase Power

Medium Scale Projects

Two Phase Power

Large Scale Commercial and Industrial Projects

Three Phase Power

consist of a metal cabinet containing over-current protective devices and other devices. It is a distribution center for receiving electrical power and feeding the branch circuits.

Panel boards

due to mechanical overload or internal or external electrical faults

Overcurrent

due to short circuiting between primary and secondary wiring or due to lightning strike

Overvoltage

cutting off or disconnection of the supply current

Tripping

Causes of overcurrent

• Overload of the equipment or conductors

• Short circuit or ground fault

An overcurrent protective device with a circuit opening fusible element

Fuse

it is enclosed in porcelain or rubber commonly used in various electrical appliances

Plug Fuse

it is enclosed in insulating tube

Cartridge Fuse

open wire of low melting point commonly used in the safety power switch

Fuse Wire

A device designed to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means and To open automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied its rating

Circuit Breaker

A point in the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization equipment

Outlet

A box with a blank cover which serves the purpose of joining runs of raceways or cables and provides sufficient space for connection and branching of the enclosed circuit.

Junction Box

A box with blank cover which is inserted in one or more runs or raceways to facilitate the pulling of wires

Pull Box

metal molding or conduit that has a thinner wall than a standard rigid conduit used in exposed wiring.

Raceway

GFCI

Ground Fault Circuit Interceptor

They are installed on damp or wet areas to avoid electric shock.

Ground Fault Circuit Interceptor (GFCI)

An electric switch is a device intended for on-off control of circuits and electrical isolation of equipment

Switches

that part of a switch which is used for making or breaking a connection and which electrically insulated from the other contact.

Pole

the direction from a given position in which the contact is made, it also indicates the number of times a contact is made

Throw

Single Pole Single Throw

Single Pole Double Throw

Double Pole Single Throw

Double Pole Double Throw

120V, 220V, 600V

normal bldg.

5KV, 15KV

special switches and switch gear

general use or safety switches intended for general light and power circuits may be of heavy duty, normal duty and light duty

Duty

a switch may be constructed with or without provision for using

Fusibility

a switchboard as a protection from external damage

Enclosure

general distribution and branch circuits

General Use Switch

used in conjunction with wiring systems

General Snap Switch

intended for isolating an electrical circuit from the source of power

Isolating Switch

capable of interrupting the maximum operating current of the motor

Motor Circuit Switch

a switch that opens and closes only one side of a circuit, it turns a light on and off from one location

Single Pole Switch

a term designating two contacts or connections on a device, for instance, a double knife switch

Double Pole Switch

to control lights from two different locations

Three Way Switch

used in conjunction with two three-way switches, and to control lights from three or more locations

Four Way Switch

the control of lights in a multi-lamp switch

Multi Circuit Switch

NECP

National Electrical Code of the Philippines

The NEC requires for residence sufficient circuitry to supply a load of 3 watts / square feet

National Electrical Code of the Philippines (NECP)

GFCI

Ground Fault Circuit Interceptor

maximum load for each lighting outlet

100 watts

Each receptacle shall be considered at no less

180 watts

Ampacity of the connected load shall not exceed ____ of the amperage capacity of the conductor and the fuse or circuit breaker

80%

Incapable of taking up water (or any other liquid deleterious to the material under consideration, to which such material is liable to be exposed) sufficiently to affect electrical or mechanical properties to an appreciable extent under conditions of use.

ABSORPTION-RESISTING

(As applied to wiring methods) Not permanently closed in by the structure or finish of the bldg.; capable of being removed without disturbing the building of finish. (As applied to equipment) Admitting close approach because not guarded by locked doors, elevators or other effective means.

ACCESSIBLE

A building that has partitions from the first floor up to the last floor with each bay or section intended for different and independent occupants.

ACCESSORIA TYPE BLDG

are current consuming equipment, fixed or portable;

APPLIANCE

is one in which the interruption occurs in air.

AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER

is the combination of elevation rod and brace, or footing placed on upper portions of structures, together with tip or point if used.

AIR TERMINAL

is one with contacts the separate in air.

AIR SWITCH

means electrically connected to a source of potential difference, or electrical charged so as to have a potential different from that of the earth.

ALIVE

Acceptable to the authority enforcing this Code.

APPROVED

a fire door and hardware of a type approved for the class of service to which it is applied and labeled or certified by competent and recognized authority.

APPROVED FIREDOOR

is a group of welding processes wherein coalescence is produced by heating with an electric arc or arcs, with or without the application of pressure and with or without the use of filler metal.

ARC WELDING

is the voltage across the welding arc.

ARC VOLTAGE

a wrapping of galvanized interlocking steel strip forming an integral part of the assembly of certain insulated cables, wires or cords, which are capable of withstanding certain mechanical tests.

ARMOUR

is a fabricated assembly of insulated conductors and a flexible metallic covering.

ARMORED CABLE

Is a provided cable with a wrapping of metal, usually steel wires or tapes, primarily for the purpose of mechanical protection.

ARMORED CABLE

A synthetic non-flammable insulating liquid which, when decomposed parts included in an electric arc, evolves only non-explosive gases.

ASKAREL

is a combination of all or of a portion of component parts included in an electric apparatus, mounted on a supporting frame or panel, and properly interwire.

ASSEMBLY

is a device which by insertion in a receptacle, established connection between the conductors or attached flexible cord and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle.

ATTACHMENT PLAG

A qualified person who by the nature of his duties or occupation is obliged to approach or handle electrical equipment; or a person who having been warned on the hazards involved, has been instructed or authorized to do so by someone in authority.

AUTHORIZED PERSON

an electric controller in which the influence directing the performance of its basic functions is automatic.

AUTOMATIC CONTROLLER

is welding with equipment, which performs the entire welding operation without constant observation and adjustment or is controls by a person. The equipment may or may not perform the loading and unloading of the work

AUTOMATIC WELDING

A sheet-metal enclosure for conductors, cables and bus bars at switchboards, meter centers, distribution centers and similar points.

Auxiliary gutter

wire Gauge as applied to non-ferrous conductors and non-ferrous sheet metal.

B & S GAUGE

Is the minimum load over a given period of time.

BASE LOAD

is that portion of a wiring system extending beyond the final over current device protecting the circuit.

BRACH CIRCUIT

is a circuit supplying energy to one or more outlets to which appliances are to be connected; such circuits to have no permanently connected lighting fixtures not a part of an appliance.

BRANCH CIRCUIT-APPLIANCE

is a distribution center at which branch circuits are supplied.

BRANCH-CIRCUIT DISTRIBUTION CENTER

a branch circuit that supplies a number of outlets for lighting and appliances.

BRANCH-CIRCUIT – GENERAL PURPOSE

A branch circuit that supplies only one utilization equipment.

BRANCH-CIRCUIT – INDIVIDUAL

is a disruptive discharge through insulation.

BREAKDOWN

a structure which stands alone or which is cut off from adjoining structures by fire walls with all opening therein protected by approved fire doors.

BUILDING

Is a conductor, or group of conductors, in switchgear assemblies, which serves as a common connection for two or more circuits.

BUS

An approved, completely assembled metal roughing and fittings therefore containing bare conductors intended for use as feeders, the conductors being suitably supported on insulators.

BUSWAY

an enclosure designed either for surface or flush mounting and provided with a frame, mat or trim in which swinging doors are hung.

CABINET

is either a stranded conductor with or without insulation and other coverings, or a combination of conductors insulated from one another.

CABLE

Is a system of conductors forming an essentially continuous conducting network over the object protected and including any conductors necessary for interconnection of the object protected and an adequate ground.

CAGE

is the ratio of the full load rating to the average load on a machine or equipment for the period or time considered.

CAPACITY FACTOR

A device designed to open under abnormal conditions a current carrying without injury to itself. The term applies only to the automatic type designed to trip on a determined overload of current.

CIRCUIT BREAKER

is the minimum separation between two conductors, between conductors, and supports, or other objects between conductors and ground.

CLEARANCE (Transmission & Distribution)

is an assembly of two pieces of insulating material provided with groovers for holding one or more conductors at a definite spacing from the surface wired over and from each other, and with holes for fastening in position.

CLEAT

is the vertical space reserved along the side of a pole or tower to give linemen ready access to equipment and conductors installed thereon

CLIMBING SPACE