General Science

Meters

SI unit of length

Kilograms

SI unit of mass

Seconds

SI unit of time

Amperes

SI unit of electric current

Kelvin

SI unit of temperature

Moles

SI unit for the amount of substance

Candelas

SI unit for light intensity

32F

it is the freezing point of water in fahrenheit

212F

the boiling point of water in fahrenheit

0C

the freezing point of water in celcius

100C

the boiling point of water in celcius

Graduated cylinder

used to measure volume of liquid

Density

mass of the object per unit volume

Sink

materials with >1g./cc will ______

Float

materials with <1g./cc will ______

Gravitational force

downward force that earth exerts on objects

Inertia

tendency of an object to remain at rest or maintain its motion unless disturbed by force

Friction

reists or opposes relative sliding movement of two surfaces in contact with one another

Centripetal force

driving a thing inward through a center or rotation

Centrifugal force

driving a thing outwards through a center or rotation

Nuclear force

the strongest known force which holds together protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Electromagnetic force

it binds electrons to atomic nucleus, atoms in molecules, ions in solid matter, and molecules into liquids and solids.

Mass

indicates quantity of matter in a material object.

Weight

measure of the pull of gravity

Work

it is represented as force (N) x displacement (M) and is measured as Newton-meter or joule

Kinetic energy

type of energy possessed by an object or body in motion

Potential energy

energy possessed by a body because of its position or state

Internal energy

total energy coming from attractive and repulsive forces of all particles or molecules in the body

Conduction

a process wherein heat is transferred from one molecule to another until the heat is spread throughout the material

Convection

movement of gas or liquid brought by temperature differences

Radiation

heat transfer when heat is given in all directions around them

Georges Lemaitre

proponent of the Big Banfg Theory

Iron and nickel

these mainly composes the Earth’s core

Inner core

it is the solid center of Earth

Outer core

it is so hot that the metal is always molten

Pressure

it is the reason behind the solidity of one of the core

Basalt

it mainly composes the oceanic crust

Granite

it mainly composes the continental crust

Diastrophism

process which involves movements of Earth’s crust such that a portion is pushed up, down, or forced sideways

Magma

is a molten rock that occurs by the partial melting of crust and mantle

Lava

it is resulted when magma reaches Earth’s surface

Hypocenter

it is the focus or the source of earthquake

Epicenter

surface above the focus of an earthquake

Igneous

a type of rock which is formed when molten rock cools and solidifies

Sedimentary

a type of rock that forms when bits of rock and materials like shells and sands gets packed together

Metamorphic

a type of rock that have been transformed by heat, pressure, or both

Migmatite

these are partially molten metamorphic rocks

Troposphere

it is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather happens

Stratosphere

within this layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer; it is where airplanes fly because of its stability

Mesosphere

in this layer of atmosphere, meteors tend to burn up, creating ‘shooting stars’ and it is also the coldest layer of the atmosphere

Thermosphere

it is where space stations orbit

Ionosphere

it is made of electrically charged gas particles that has the important quality of bouncing radio signals, transmitted from earth

Exosphere

outermost layer of the atmosphere

Cirrus

a type of cloud that is thin and feathery

Cirrocumulus

a type of cloud characterized as being small patches of white

Cirrostratus

a type of cloud that is thin and looks like white sheets

Stratus

a type of cloud resembling a low, gray blanket

Cumulus

a type of cloud that is flat-bottomed and is white puffy

Cumulonimbus

a type of cloud that is mountains of heavy, dark clouds

Tropical depression

has a wind speed of less than 63 kph

Tropical storm

has wind speed of 63 to 118 kph

Typhoon

has wind speed of more than 118kph