Studied by 2 people
Intersection between races
The interaction and overlap of different racial groups, often contributing to economic dynamics.
Mass migration
The large-scale movement of people from one region to another, often influencing local economies and job markets.
Economic threats
Feelings of insecurity among local populations regarding job competition and wages due to immigration.
Predjudice
Preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience, often leading to discrimination.
Coerced labor systems
Labor systems where individuals are forced to work, often in harsh conditions, related to imperialism.
Push factors
Reasons that compel individuals to leave their home country, such as conflict, poverty, or lack of opportunity.
Pull factors
Attractive conditions or opportunities that draw individuals to a new location.
Indentured servitude
A labor system where individuals work for a certain number of years in exchange for passage to a new country.
Culture System
A colonial agricultural policy in Dutch East Indies, forcing local farmers to grow cash crops.
Opium War
Conflicts between Britain and China over the trade of opium, leading to Chinese concessions to foreign powers.
Treaty of Nanking
The 1842 treaty that ended the First Opium War and ceded Hong Kong to Britain.
Spheres of influence
Regions where one nation has significant cultural, economic, or political influence over another.
Plantation systems
Agricultural systems that produce cash crops, usually relying on labor-intensive methods.
Cash crops
Crops grown primarily for sale and profit, rather than for personal consumption.
Guano
Bird excrement used as fertilizer, significant in agriculture during the colonial period.
Rubber barons
Wealthy plantation owners who became powerful in the rubber industry, particularly in Southeast Asia.
Cecil Rhodes
A British imperialist known for his role in southern Africa and the establishment of the De Beers diamond company.
Maritime Imperialism
Imperialism driven by naval power and the control of sea routes.
Monoculture
The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area, leading to reduced biodiversity.
Famine
Extreme scarcity of food, often resulting from reliance on cash crops.
Cattle Killing Movement
A spiritual movement among the Xhosa people in South Africa aimed at driving out British colonizers.
Boxer Rebellion
An anti-imperialist uprising in China aimed at expelling foreign influence.
Taiping Rebellion
A massive civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by Hong Xiuquan.
Social Darwinism
A misapplication of Darwin’s theory of evolution to justify racial superiority.
Nationalism
A political ideology that emphasizes the interests of a nation, often leading to independence movements.
Sepoy Rebellion
An 1857 uprising by Indian soldiers against the British East India Company's rule.
Indian National Congress
A political party in India founded to advocate for greater Indian participation in government.
Mahatma Gandhi
Leader of the Indian independence movement, known for his non-violent protest methods.
White Man's Burden
A phrase used to justify imperialism as a noble enterprise to civilize non-Western peoples.
Berlin Conference
The 1884-85 meeting of European powers to establish rules for the colonization of Africa.
Irish potato famine
A period of mass starvation in Ireland in the mid-19th century caused by potato blight.
Trans-African Railway
A planned network of railways intended to connect different parts of Africa.
Economic Imperialism
Control of a country’s economy through foreign interests and businesses.
Cash-crop dependence
Reliance on cash crops that can lead to economic vulnerability and food shortages.
Plantation slavery
A system of forced labor on plantations, particularly focused on cash crop agriculture.
Cultural imperialism
The practice of promoting the culture of one nation over others, often seen in colonization.
Latin American revolutions
Various independence movements in Latin America during the early 19th century.
Colonial exploitation
The act of taking advantage of a colony’s resources and people for the benefit of the colonizer.
Asante Empire
A powerful West African kingdom that resisted British colonization, particularly in the War of the Golden Stool.
Maori resistance
The struggle of the indigenous Māori people of New Zealand against British colonization.
Zionist movement
A nationalist movement supporting the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
Native American assimilations
The process of forcing Native Americans to adopt Western culture and lifestyle.
Trail of Tears
The forced relocation of Native Americans from their homeland, leading to suffering and death.
Phrenology
A pseudoscience that claimed to determine personality traits based on skull shape.
Economic Factors of Colonialism
Forces driving colonization based on the demand for resources, markets, and labor.
Manifest Destiny
The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was justified.
McKinley Tariff
An 1890 US tariff that increased duties on foreign goods, affecting trade policies.
Anti-imperialism
Opposition to imperialistic policies and practices of dominating foreign nations.
Legislative measures
Laws enacted to facilitate or regulate immigration and foreign relations.
Imperial War
Conflicts driven by the desire to expand a nation's empire through territorial acquisition.
Ethnocentrism
The evaluation of other cultures by the standards and values of one's own culture.
Sino-Japanese War
An 1894-95 conflict between China and Japan for control over Korea.
Opium Trade
The international trade of opium, particularly between Britain and China, leading to social consequences.
Merchant Capitalism
An early form of capitalism based on trade and commerce in the 16th to 18th centuries.
Imperial infrastructures
The physical systems necessary to manage and exploit colonies, such as railroads and telegraphs.
Self-determination
The principle that nations have the right to choose their own sovereignty and political status.
Forced migrations
Movements of peoples where individuals are compelled to leave their accustomed environment.
Subjugation
The act of bringing a people or nation under control, often through force.
Cherokee Nation
A Native American tribe with a recognized government that faced forced relocation.
Colonial Administration
The governing body established to manage and control a colony.
Rubber plantations,
Agricultural estates focused on producing rubber, often using forced labor.
Resistance and Rebellion
The actions taken by groups or individuals against perceived oppression or colonization.
Scientific racism
The use of scientific theories to support racist beliefs and ideologies.
Cultural diffusion
The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.
Labor exploitation
The act of taking unfair advantage of workers, often through low wages and poor working conditions.
Agricultural shifts
Changes in farming practices often resulting from colonization, such as the transition from subsistence to cash crops.
Cultural homogenization
The reduction of cultural diversity through the popularization of a dominant culture.
Historical materialism
A theory in Marxism that focuses on material conditions as the primary influence on societal progress.
Globalization
The process by which businesses and other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
Imperialism
A policy or ideology of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.
Colonialism
The practice of directly controlling and settling foreign territories; often associated with exploitation of local resources.
Cultural Exchange
The process in which different cultures share ideas, customs, and traditions, often leading to mutual benefits.
Neocolonialism
The practice of using capitalism, globalization, and cultural imperialism to influence a developing country, often seen as an extension of traditional colonialism.
Sovereignty
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; a fundamental principle in international law.
Protectorate
A state that is controlled and protected by another; often used in contexts of colonial governance.
Decolonization
The process by which colonies gain independence from colonial powers, often leading to the establishment of sovereign states.
Trade Balance
The difference in value between a country's imports and exports over a certain period; used as an indicator of economic health.
Economic Sanctions
Commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted country, group, or individual to influence behavior.
What is globalization?
The process by which businesses and organizations develop international influence or operations.
Define imperialism.
A policy or ideology of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.
What does colonialism entail?
The practice of directly controlling and settling foreign territories, often exploiting local resources.
What is cultural exchange?
The process where different cultures share ideas, customs, and traditions, leading to mutual benefits.
Explain neocolonialism.
The practice of using capitalism and globalization to influence a developing country, viewed as an extension of colonialism.
Define sovereignty.
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state, a fundamental principle in international law.
What is a protectorate?
A state controlled and protected by another, often in contexts of colonial governance.
Describe decolonization.
The process by which colonies gain independence from colonial powers, leading to the establishment of sovereign states.
What is meant by trade balance?
The difference in value between a country's imports and exports over a specific period, indicating economic health.
Define economic sanctions.
Commercial and financial penalties applied by countries against targeted nations or individuals to influence behavior.
What is economic imperialism?
Control of a country’s economy through foreign interests and businesses.
What are push factors?
Reasons that compel individuals to leave their home country, such as conflict, poverty, or lack of opportunity.
What are pull factors?
Attractive conditions or opportunities that draw individuals to a new location.
Define monoculture.
The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area, leading to reduced biodiversity.
What is coercive labor?
Labor systems where individuals are forced to work, often in harsh conditions, related to imperialism.
What does cultural imperialism mean?
The practice of promoting the culture of one nation over others, often seen in colonization.
Define social Darwinism.
A misapplication of Darwin’s theory of evolution to justify racial superiority.
What is the significance of cash crops?
Crops grown primarily for sale and profit, rather than for personal consumption.
Define famine.
Extreme scarcity of food, often resulting from reliance on cash crops.
What was the Taiping Rebellion?
A massive civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by Hong Xiuquan.
Labor exploitation
The act of taking unfair advantage of workers, often through low wages and poor working conditions.
Resistance and Rebellion
The actions taken by groups or individuals against perceived oppression or colonization.
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Flashcard (27)