Dante and Petrarch

What is the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance?

Florence

What historical event coincides with the "Dark Ages?"

Fall of Rome

The "Dark Ages" are characterized by

Political fragmentation, feudalism (land ownership), and decline in literacy

True or False: Proto-Renaissance Florence experiences rapid population growth due to urbanization and localized trade.

True

Which form of government existed in late Medieval Florence?

Guildsmen Lottery System

What describes serving as a priori in the Signoria of Florence?

Debt-free to enter, red coat uniform, and unrelated to current members

What responsibilities did the Florentine guilds have?

Controlled quantity, regulated quantity, and promoted inter guild trade

What responsibility did the Florentine guilds NOT have?

Selling a certain amount of product

Which guild was considered a "major" guild?

Cloth and wool

Which figure was on the gold florin?

John the Baptist

What political conflict caused division in Medieval Florence?

Ghelph and Ghibelline factions

True or False: The Ghelphs advocated for the authority of the Roman Emperor, whereas the Ghibellines supported the Pope.

False

Knights in Medieval Florence were shaped by which traits?

Civic duty, Christian ideals, and professional ethics

Knights in Medieval Florence were NOT shaped by

Formal, written social codes

A recipient of courtly love is all of the following

Noble, modest, virtuous, and typically married

Troubadour poetry is best described as

formal and chivalric

True or False: Courtly love poetry written for noble ladies often carries a spiritual tone.

True

True or False: Beatrice is a great example of "the beloved."

True

What city was Dante born in?

Florence

True or False: Dante is considered the first Renaissance poet.

False

Which figure served as a prior in Florence during his lifetime?

Dante

Dante identified with which faction?

White Ghelphs

What are the reasons why Dante is exiled from Florence?

Refused to pay fine, political affiliation, and financial corruption

What language is "La Vita Nuova" written in?

Tuscan vernacular

What is included in Dante's book of poems?

Prose, sonnets, and songs

True or False: "La Vita Nuova" is not based on real people.

False

"Canzone" is an Italian word meaning what?

Song

What does Dante call the women who act as "stand-ins" for his love for Beatrice?

Screen loves

What action does Beatrice take that upsets Dante?

she ignores and laughs at him

How old is Beatrice when she dies?

24

Which words does Dante use to describe Beatrice?

noble soul, angelic/godlike, full of grace

Dante's writing is best described as

simple language with complicated meaning

The Italian Renaissance is characterized by

return to classical art forms, obsessions with original texts, humanist thinking

Why was art from the Dark Ages frowned upon by Renaissance artists?

Adhered to spiritual themes, oversimplified forms, redundant, symbolic imagery.

Which group was least likely to be a patron of the arts during the Renaissance?

Craftsmen

What are the key elements of Italian Renaissance art?

Naturalism, perspective drawing, humanism

Humanism is…

philosophical worldview, field of study, and a cultural movement

True or False: Humanists were mostly pagan

false

What was the Humanists' main goal?

refocus attention on humans

Naturalism is best characterized by?

Earthly background, real-life depictions of people, and emotional facial expressions

Which artist is best known for the re-emergence of Naturalism?

Giotto

What is true about Tempera paint?

it fades green over time, it dries fast, it is mixed with egg yolk, and it can be layered to create contrast

Where was Petrarch born?

Arezzo

Who is regarded as the "Father of Humanism"

Petrarch

True or False: Petrarch is born in exile

true

Petrarch had a passion for

classical texts, collecting manuscripts, and writing poetry

What is true about Petrarch's Canzoniere?

includes 366 poems, is deeply personal, is about a woman named Laura, written in Italian vernacular

The Petrarchan sonnet has all of the following qualities:

octave, volta, and sestet

What is enjambent?

lines that run over without punctuation

Petrarch opens his collection of poems with what message

love is painful and warrants pity

Where does Petrarch first see Laura

at church

Who does Petrarch blame for his love?

Cupid

True or False: Petrarch is somewhat relieved when Laura passes away

true

True or False: Petrarch is filled with despair and regret in his final poems.

true