Review of False Memories and Procedural Memory

These flashcards will help students review key concepts related to false memories and procedural memory, preparing them for their upcoming exam.

False memories do not correspond to events as __ happened.

the events actually

The ‘falsity’ of false memories may include __ of part of an event.

omission

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott procedure is commonly known as __.

DRM

__ conducted pioneering research on false memory.

Elizabeth Loftus

__ is a term for memory errors where individuals may remember events that never occurred.

False memories

Most people have some false __.

memories

In a controlled study, the __ was used to study false memories through word association.

Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) procedure

Source monitoring errors may occur when recalling __.

the origin of memories

Alien abduction memories were studied by __ to explore memory errors.

Susan Clancy

Memories of alien abduction are often a confusion of dream imagery with __ events.

real

The __ stage of memory performance involves over-learned, automatic actions.

autonomous

In the DRM paradigm, __ errors refer to recalling related but non-presented words.

Intrusion

processing is associated with increased false memories due to contextual associations.

Survival

Drawing a picture of each word reduces the likelihood of __.

intrusion errors

In which context do older adults tend to produce more __ errors?

intrusion

Children with a history of maltreatment had higher rates of __ errors.

intrusion

Johnson’s Source Monitoring Framework involves assessing the __ of information.

origins

The __ Framework differentiates between actual memory and imagined memory.

Source Monitoring

The __ memory method employs images for studying false memory occurrences.

Visual false memory

The __ effect demonstrates that misleading information can distort memory.

Misinformation

Hypnosis as a method to recover memory may lead to __ memories.

false

The __ of traumatic memories falls under investigation regarding recovery claims.

contextual associations

Fuzzy trace theory posits that memories are encoded in __ and gist forms.

verbatim

Loftus' false memory induction procedure primarily studied childhood events that __.

never happened

__ and recognition errors can still occur even in those with HSAM (Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory).

Recall

Procedural memory is also referred to as __ memory.

implicit

In the context of procedural learning, knowing __ refers to how to perform tasks automatically.

how

Executing habitual behaviors occurs without __ control.

executive

Habits are activated by __ cues without awareness.

contextual

The __ framework looks at memory in terms of goal-directed behaviors.

working self

Motor skills are often developed without the requirement of __ guidance after extensive practice.

conscious

The preservation of __ in dementia indicates the automaticity of procedural memory.

music memory

Errors in speech production may occur at the level of __ before word retrieval.

lemma

The distinction between __ memory and lexical memory centers on world knowledge.

semantic

Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM) is characterized by __ access to specific memories.

faster

Research suggests that __ memories of public tragedies are highly confident but often inaccurate.

Flashbulb

Weaver’s (1993) study compared the accuracy between flashbulb memories and __.

ordinary memories

The cue-word technique used in autobiographical memory research helps activate __.

specific memories

Emotional events tend to lead to more __ memories.

vivid

Studies show that the frequency of novel __ can elicit involuntary memories.

sounds

In familial settings, the rate of disputed memories rises dramatically among __.

twins

Childhood amnesia refers to the inability to recall personal events from __ early years.

the first three to five

The influence of __ on memory development is a key explanation for childhood amnesia.

language ability

The __ bump refers to an increased recollection of memories from ages 16 to 25.

reminiscence

The concept of __ memory blends episodic with semantic knowledge about oneself.

autobiographical

The organization of autobiographical memory is often __, meaning it varies from person to person.

idiosyncratic

__ memories refer to memories about personal events that seem fabricated or distorted.

Confabulated

The __ provides a written method to compare memories over time.

diary

Word-exchange errors occur when we substitute a word with one of __ meaning.

similar