GLUCOSE (prep and chem reactions)

Prep from Sucrose

If sucrose is boiled with dilute HCL and H2SO4 in alcoholic solution, glucose and fructose are obtained in equal amounts

Sucrose + H2O ————→ Glucose and Fructose

Prep from Starch/Cellulose

Commercially glucose is obtained by hydrolysis of starch by boiling with dilute H2SO4 at 393K and 2-3atm then u get Glucose

(C6H10O5)n + nH2O ————→ nC6H12O6

Oxidation reagents

• 1. Tollens reagent 2. H+

• 1. Fehlings solution 2. H+

• Br2 water

• conc. HNO3

Glucose + Tollens reagent

—→ Gluconic acid and Ag(silver mirror)

Glucose + Fehling’s solution

—→ Gluconic acid + Cu2O ( red ppt)

Glucose + Br2 water

—→ Gluconic acid

GLucose + conc.HNO3

Saccharic acid

Reduction reagents

• P+HI/ heating

• Na-Hg and H2O

Glucose +P+HI/ heating

—→ n-Hexane

Glucose + Na-Hg / H2O

—→ Sorbitol

Glucose + H2N-OH

Glucose Oxime

Glucose + HCN

Glucose cyanohydrin

Glucose + 5CH3COCl

Glucose pentaacetate

Glucose + 3 Ph-NH-NH2

Glucosazone