NUR 400 Exam 4

attributes that support optimal functional ability

cognitive, social, physical and emotional ability to carry out the normal activities of life required to meet basic needs; fulfill usual roles in family, workplace and community; and maintain health and well being

three dimensions of concern

risk recognition
functional assessment
planning and delivering appropriately

risk factors for impaired functional ability

developmental abnormalities
advanced age
physical and psychological trauma or disease
social and cultural factors
cognitive function
depression

patient teaching about high functional ability

well balanced nutrition
physical activity
routine health checkups
stress management
participate in meaningful activity
avoidance of tobacco
avoidance of substances associated with abuse

12 ADLS essential to life

roper logan tierney
maintaining a safe environment
communication
breathing
eating and drinking
elimination
washing and dressing
controlling temperature
mobilization
working and playing
sexuality
sleeping
death

24HFAQ (24 Hours Following A Quick Surgery)

- 24-hour functional ability questionnaire
- outpatient postoperative patients: functional ability

24HFAQ

24 Hours Following A Quick Surgery

MMSE (Mind Measure for Seniors' Evaluation)

- Folstein mini mental status exam
- older adults: cognitive function

MMSE

Mind Measure for Seniors' Evaluation

FAQ (Functions Aid Quality)

- functional activities questionnaire
- older adults assesses IADLs

FAQ

Functions Aid Quality

FSS (For Sick Sprouts)

- functional status scale
- hospitalized children

FSS

For Sick Sprouts

MDS (Monitoring Daily Seniors)

- long-term care minimum data set
- nursing home residents

MDS

Monitoring Daily Seniors

EFAT (Evaluating Function Amid Tumors)

- Edmonton functional assessment tool
- cancer patients' functional performance

EFAT

Evaluating Function Amid Tumors

BADLs

basic activities of daily living
relates to personal care and mobility
eating
hygienic and grooming activities
bathing
mouth care
dressing
toileting

IADLs

instrumental activities of daily living
more complex skills that re essential to living in the community
managing money
grocery shopping
cooking
house cleaning
doing laundry
taking medication
using the telephone
accessing transportation

patient teaching for a client with heart failure

1) education about their disease
2) self-managing diet (low sodium, low sat fat, less added sugars)
3) physical activity (regular)
4) weight adherence
5) medication adherence
- other: stop smoking, abstain from alcohol

DASH diet

DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet:
- eating vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy, lean protein, nuts, and seeds.
- It also includes foods rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
- reducing sodium to about 1,500 mg per day, limiting saturated fat and added sugar, and eating minimally processed and fresh foods.

patient teaching for parents of a child with asthma

Proper self-management includes helping patients and their parents or caregivers adhere to daily medications, understand triggers, know how to self-monitor and assess symptoms for rescue treatment, and make changes to their environments (e.g., reducing or eliminating secondhand smoke exposure, placing dust mite covers on bedding, etc.).

patient teaching for a client with diabetes who will inject insulin at home

- knowing how to check blood glucose
- adjust timing of insulin based on monitoring
- other: regular visits to a provider, medication adherence, and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors (e.g., physical activity and a balanced diet).

health promotion

process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health

health

state of complete physical mental and social well being

wellness

positive state of health that is continually changing

disease

function or structural disturbance

illness

physical manifestations and subjective experiences

prevention

optimizes health
new evidence through research
patient and community centered care
enculturalization

individual-focused health promotion

cognition
decision making
motivation
behavior
environment

community focused

focuses on community common themes, values/norms, legitimization of desirable behavior/ environmental changes, community members have control

health promotion has been shown to add quality years to life and decrease health care costs

true

vulnerable populations

more likely to develop health-related problems and experience worse outcomes
most vulnerable populations are low socioeconomic status that are of ethnic or racial minorities

individual assessment

age
health status
presence of risk factors
health preferences
values
social relationships

family assessment

risk factors
family strengths
relationship among family members
genetics

community assessment

structure of community
community census
population demographics
morbidity/mortality statistics
community resources

interventions

education
immunizations
screenings
nutritional health
physical activity
pharmacological agents for smoking cessation and weightloss

primary prevention

first intervention in prevention of getting a disease
vaccines

secondary prevention

screenings
mammogram

tertiary prevention

restoration/disease management (rehab)

USPS taskforce grading of recommendations

biennial screening mammography for women 50-74
cervical cancer screenings every 3 years from 21-29

tertiary prevention for prevention of complications associated with chronic conditions
diabetes

insulin management
regularly examining feet

self-management (definition)

the ability of individuals and/or their caregivers to engage in the daily tasks required to maintain health and well-being or to respond to the changing physical, psychological, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of a chronic disease based on their knowledge of the condition, its consequences, and the plan of care developed in collaboration with their healthcare team within the context of the daily demands of life

Five key attributes characterize self-management:

1) self-efficacy
2) patient engagement
3) health education
4) patient-provider partnership
5) disease management

Nursing interventions will involve tailoring self-management education to the patient's preevent state. For example, a patient with diagnosed coronary artery disease who was already taking lipid-lowering drugs and daily low-dose aspirin who has a myocardial infarction will need __ self-management education than a patient who did not have diagnosed coronary artery disease prior to their myocardial infarction.

different

Helping patients to self-manage a new disease requires that nurses provide education regarding both ___ and ___

the disease and its management

cataract

cloudy lens of eye can lead to vision loss
- can be caused by diabetes

Temperature

97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C)

Pulse

60 to 100 beats per minute

Respiration rate

12-20 breaths per min

Blood pressure

90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg

contact precautions

- gown and gloves ALWAYS
- mask and eye protection, if possibility of contact with bodily secretions

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Grading

- Grades A-D, where A and B are recommend, C is selective recommendation, and D is recommend against
- I. Statement is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against