Osteoporosis and Its Management

These flashcards cover key concepts related to osteoporosis, including its definition, management, prevention strategies, and treatment options.

What is osteoporosis?

A systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to an increased risk of fractures.

What are common consequences of osteoporosis in the spinal vertebrae?

Height loss of 1.5-3 inches or the development of kyphosis, which results in a stooped posture or 'dowager's hump'.

What lifestyle factors can help delay the onset of osteoporosis in younger women?

A diet high in vitamin D and calcium, along with weight-bearing exercises.

What hormonal changes during perimenopause are related to osteoporosis?

Estrogen deficiency, which can be treated with controversial hormone replacement therapy (HRT) due to breast cancer risk.

What is the recommended daily calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis?

1200 to 2000 mg of calcium along with 600-800 IU of vitamin D per day.

How is osteoporosis diagnosed?

Through a bone density scan.

Name some drug therapies used for treating osteoporosis.

Alendronate (Fosamax), risedronate (Actonel), zoledronic acid (Reclast) and ibandronate (Boniva) are used to improve bone density and reduce the rate of bone loss.

What are some important lifestyle choices to avoid when preventing osteoporosis?

Avoid smoking, excessive alcohol (ETOH) consumption, and limit caffeine intake.