AP Government 1.2 - Types of Democracy

Direct Democracy

In a direct democracy, policies and laws are decided by a majority based on individuals.

Initiative

Citizens propose a policy, it is placed on the ballot, and citizens vote directly for or against the measure.

Referendum

A state (or local) legislature passes a measure, then it is placed on a ballot for citizen approval.

Direct Democracy vs. Republicanism

- No trust in the people to make good decisions.

- People were not educated enough.

- Fear of mob rule.

- Not practical for everyone to vote (too time-consuming).

- The U.S. is too large for direct democracy.

Participatory Democracy

Emphasizes broad participation in politics and civil society. (Direct democracy/citizen participation).

Weakness: May result in violation of minority rights.

Pluralist Democracy

Emphasizes the role of groups in policymaking. Competition prevents governmental dominance, and better protects minority rights.

Weakness: A particularly strong group may have disproportionate influence.

Elite Democracy

Emphasizes limited participation in politics and civil society (representative democracy).

Weakness: Government may be dominated by the wealthy, and those with high status in business, military, and politics.