Plant defences against pathogens

Passive: defences ... to infection preventing ... and ...

prior, entry, spread

Active: defences ... infection to ... pathogens

during, remove

Passive defences:

Physical: prevent .. of pathogens

Chemical: ... pathogens directly

spread, damage

Physical properties of plants defence:

... cell wall

... closure

Lig...

... cuticles

Call..

Nec...

cellulose, stomatal, lignin, waxy, fallows, necrosis

Chemical properties of plant defences:

Alkaloids

Tylo...

Oxidative bursts

Terpenoids

tylose

Passive plant defences: Callose

large ... deposited at end of ... plate in ...

blocks ... of pathogens

blocks plasmo...

polysaccharide, sieve, phloem, spread, desmata

Passive plant defences: Tylose

cells that line ... swell- balloon swelling fills ... + eventually ... it.

contains active chemicals to ... pathogen

xylem, xylem, blocks, damage

Active defences:

chemicals plants produce in response to an ...

when plant detects pathogen, will increase ... + ... defences

infection, physical, chemical

Physical plant defences:

Necrosis: plants produce ...- controlled ... ... kills cells around ... to prevent...

enzymes, cell death, infection, spread

Physical plant defences:

Canker: lesion in woody tissue- ... vascular tissue preventing the... of pathogens thru the ... vessels

kills, spread, vascular