Insomnia Disorder

One of the most

common sleep disorders

Problems

initiating/maintaining sleep (e.g., trouble falling asleep, waking during night, waking too early in the morning)

15% of adults report

daytime sleepiness

Only diagnosed as a sleep disorder if

it is not better explained by a different condition (e.g., generalized anxiety disorder

Diagnostic Criteria: Dissatisfaction with

sleep quantity or quality

Diagnostic Criteria: Sleep disturbance causes

significant distress

Diagnostic Criteria: Sleep difficulty occurs

3 nights per week or more for at least 2 months

Diagnostic Criteria: Difficulty occurs even when

there is possibility for sleep

Diagnostic Criteria: No other

physiological, medical, or mental disorders better explain symptoms

Often associated with

medical and/or psychological conditions

What medical/psychological conditions is insomnia often associated with?

Anxiety, depression, substance use

Affects females

twice as often as males

Unrealistic expectations about

sleep

Believe lack of sleep will be

more disruptive than it usually is

Causes: Pain,

physical discomfort

Causes: Delayed

temperature rhythm (body temperature doesn’t drop until later, leading to delayed drowsiness)

Causes: Light, noise, temperature

influence ability to sleep

Causes: Other sleep disorders cause

secondary insomnia

What other sleep disorders cause secondary insomnia?

apnea

periodic limb movement disorder

Causes: stress and

anxiety

Parents’ negative beliefs about sleep linked to

more infant waking during the night

Some kids learn to fall asleep only

with a parent present