Mexican democracy HOA Exam prep

Porfirio Diaz

Dictator of Mexico from 1876 to 1911, did not allow re-elections, and implemented a scientific approach to governance.

Ejidos

Communal land holdings used by indigenous groups, often taken away during the Porfiriato.

Rurales

Rural police used by Diaz to enforce his rule, feared by peasants.

Francisco Madero

Leader of the Mexican Revolution, opposed Diaz, and became president in 1911 before being assassinated.

Plan de San Luis Potosi

Madero's manifesto calling for democracy, land reform, and fair elections.

Victoriano Huerta

Military commander who orchestrated a coup against Madero; declared himself president after Madero's assassination.

Constitutionalists

Supporters of the 1917 Constitution advocating for worker's rights and reduced church power.

Article 27

Part of the 1917 Constitution, stating all land belonged to the Mexican government, ensuring land distribution.

Alvaro Obregon

President following Madero's assassination, known for his attempts at land reform but ultimately favored wealthy landowners.

Maximato

Period of Plutarco Calles' dominance in Mexican politics through hand-picked leaders from 1924 to 1934.

Cárdenas

President who implemented significant land redistribution and faced opposition from various groups, including the Church.

Plan de Ayala

Published by Zapata in 1911, calling for full-scale land reform against Madero.

Ley Fuga

Policy allowing the shooting of suspected criminals on sight under Diaz's regime.

10 Tragic Days

A sequence of events in February 1913 that led to Madero's assassination and the rise of Huerta.

Conventionalists

Revolutionaries led by Villa and Zapata who sought strong land reforms and opposed the current government structure.

Jose Vasconcelos

Education reformer who aimed to modernize Mexico but often marginalized indigenous cultures.

Cientificos

Advisors to Diaz focused on positivism and scientific governance, lacking democratic legitimacy.

Treaty of Ciudad Juárez

Agreement that resulted in Diaz's resignation and Madero's rise to power.

Economic inequalities

Disparities in wealth and land ownership intensified during the Porfiriato, particularly for the poor and indigenous.

Industrialization

Economic shift towards manufacturing and industry during Diaz's rule, often at the expense of labor rights.