Development of Human Locomotion and Skills

Flashcards covering key concepts related to the development of human locomotion and motor skills.

Physical and Motor Development

Key factors influencing a child's ability to transition from walking to running.

Primary Rate Limiters for Running Initiation

Muscular strength, balance, coordination, neuromuscular control, joint stability, and cognitive awareness.

Biomechanical Changes

Evolutions in running mechanics, including increased limb opposition, rotation, and alterations in stability and mobility.

Qualitative Changes

Improvements in running mechanics, coordination, and strength as children develop.

Base of Support

The area beneath an individual that extends from one foot to another; it narrows during running to enhance mobility.

Developmental Progression

The process whereby children improve muscle strength and coordination allowing for more controlled and efficient running.

Task Constraints in Locomotion

Aspects like rules, environment, and type of movement that influence children's ability to perform locomotor skills.

Galloping

An asymmetrical locomotor skill involving a lead and trailing leg, emerging around ages 2-3.

Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD)

A standardized tool used for assessing fundamental motor skills in children.

Ballistic Skills

Forces applied to project objects, such as throwing and kicking, requiring coordination and technique.

Trunk Rotation

The rotational movement of the torso that is crucial for effective force generation during throwing and striking.

Sequential Force Generation

Movement components that must occur in order to maximize force in skills like throwing and striking.

Perception-Action Perspective

A framework in motor development emphasizing the integration of sensory perception and movement actions.

Catching

A fundamental motor skill involving hand-eye coordination and anticipation of an object's trajectory.

Bimanual Coordination

The ability to use both hands in a coordinated manner, developing significantly in infancy.

Force Regulation

Adjusting the amount of force applied during movement to optimize performance and prevent injury.

Neuromuscular Control

The ability of the nervous system to activate and coordinate muscles to produce movement.