plant tissues
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29 Terms
a vascular plant consists of
root system
shoot system
root system
anchors in the plants
absorbs water and minerals
shoot system
supporting stem
photosynthetic levels
reproductive traits
roots, shoots, and leaves contain three basic tissue systems
dermal tissue, ground tissue, vascular tissue
dermal tissue
for protection
wax and bark
ground tissue
storage
photosynthesis
secretion
most abundant tissue
vascular tissue
for conduction
xylem
phloem
meristems
small cells
dense cytoplasm
large nuclei
act as stem cells
produce differentiating cell and meristematic cell
apical meristems
are located at the tips of stems and roots
give rise to primary tissues
lateral meristems
exhibit secondary growth increasing the size of stems and roots
dermal tissue
forms epidermis
one cell layer thick
cuticle (of cutin)
carnauba wax
wax palm
dermal tissue special cells
guard cells
trichomes
root hairs
root hairs
tubular extensions of individual epidermal cells
increase root’s surface area and absorption
ground tissue cells
parenchyma
collenchyma
sclerenchyma
parenchyma cells
most common plant cell
storage
photosynthesis
secretion
provide little to no support
collenchyma cells
flexible support for plant organs
sclerenchyma cells
thick walled
dead at maturity
lignin
sclerids
fibers
xylem
water and mineral conducting tissue
vessels
continuous tubes of dead cylindrical cells
tracheids
dead cells that taper at the end and overlap one another
vessels vs tracheids
vessels are shorter and wider than tracheids
vessels conduct water more efficently
phloem
constitutes the main food-conducting tissue
other long distance signaling
2 types of cells
sieve cells
sieve tube members
associated with companion cells (life support)
leaves
main site of photosynthesis
determinate growth
veins consist of xylem and phloem distributed throughout leaf blades
waste accumulation
leaf blades
come in a variety of forms
simple leaves
contain undivided blades
may have teeth, indentations or lobes
compound leaves
have blades that are divided into leaflets
mesophyll
some leaves have one type of mesophyll
monocots
others have two types
palisade mesophyll
two rows of tightly packed cells
spongy mesophyll
loosely arranged cells with air spaces