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Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
VSEPR
Periodic Trends
Periodic Trends
Ionic compounds
Higher melting point
Law of conservation of mass
Chemical equations mass cannot be created or destroyed
Physical change
A change in state of matter (Water to ice)
Chemical change
A substance is changed into a new one
The temperature changes
a gas is produced
a precipitate forms
the color changes
How to know if a chemical reaction has taken place
Oxidation numbers
Oxidation numbers
Lone and bond pairs
Lone and bond pairs
Linear
2 bond pairs
0 lone pairs
180 degrees
Bent
2 bond pairs
1 or 2 lone pairs
120 degrees
Trigonal Planar
3 bond pairs
0 lone pairs
120 degrees
Trigonal Pyramidal
3 bond pairs
1 lone pair
109.5 degrees
Tetrahedral
4 bond pairs
0 lone pairs
109.5 degrees
Ionic
Covalent
Metallic
3 main types of chemical bonds
chemical reaction
a process where one or more elements or compounds are changed into different substances
product
the new substances
on the right side of a chemical reaction
reactant
the original substances
on the left side of a chemical reaction
chemical equation
what happens in a chemical reaction
counting moles and atoms
counting moles and atoms
3
number of moles in 3CH4
15
number of atoms in 3CH4
synthesis
two or more substances combine to form a new compound
decomposition
a compound decomposes into two or more simpler substances
combustion
a substance will combine with oxygen, and in the process give off energy in the form of light and heat
single replacement
one element replaces another element in a compound
double replacement
two ionic compounds exchange ions in solution to form two new compounds
Note 
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