Philosophical Concepts Review

These flashcards cover key philosophical concepts discussed in the review session, focusing on definitions and important theories.

Utilitarianism

A moral theory that advocates for actions that maximize happiness for the greatest number of people.

Craving

According to Buddha, this is identified as the cause or origin of suffering.

The Middle Way

Buddha's path that avoids both extreme indulgence and extreme asceticism.

Unjust Law (MLK)

Any law that degrades human personality and is out of harmony with moral law.

Rawls' Difference Principle

Inequalities are only justified if they benefit the least advantaged members of society.

Socratic Method

A form of inquiry and discussion between individuals, typically involving questioning to stimulate critical thinking.

Categorical Imperative (Kant)

Act only according to that maxim by which you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law.

Alienation (Marx)

The process whereby the product of labor confronts the worker as an alien object.

Moral Virtue (Aristotle)

A mean between excess and deficiency.

Knowledge and Power (Landon Ware)

Some technical artifacts can embody specific forms of power and authority.