Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
define macronutrient
the nutrients we need in larger quantities that provide us with energy.
define micro nutrient
vitamins and minerals needed in very small amounts
Secondary nutrients
nutrients that slightly limit crop growth and are moderately required by plants.
what two nutrients do plants not get from soil
Hydrogen and Carbon
Macro nutrient signs of decay: Phosphorus
Burnt leaf tips
Dark green older leaves
Macro nutrient signs of decay: Potassium
Chlorotic leaves
Necrotic lesions
Stunted growth
Reduced yields
Macro nutrient signs of decay: Nitrogen
Stunted growth
Chlorosis (yellowing)
Inhibition of chlorophyll formation
what are the secondary nutrients
Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur
what are the micronutrients
Boron, Chlorine, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Zinc
what is chlorosis
abnormal reduction or loss of the normal green coloration of leaves of plants, typically caused by iron deficiency.
what is necrosis
Premature death of cells, due to an injury
what are the steps in the nitrogen cicle
Ammonification, Nitrification and Assimilation:
Ammonification:
the process by which ammonium ions are made by saprophytic bacteria and fungi by incorporating nitrogenous compounds into amino acids and proteins, with excess nitrogen being released as a by-product of their metabolism.
Nitrification:
process in which species of soil-dwelling bacteria will oxidize ammonium ions into nitrite ions
Assimilation:
the formation of organic nitrogen compounds from inorganic nitrogen compounds present in the environment.
how does PH affect nutrient avalibility
Soil pH affects nutrients available for plant growth.
what is the appropriate PH range for most nutrients
Soil pH should be close to neutral, and neutral soils are considered to fall within a range from a slightly acidic pH of 6.5 to a slightly alkaline pH of 7.5. One nutrient that doesn’t follow this pattern is Iron.
what does a fertalizer label with 10-10-10 mean
10 percent nitrogen, 10 percent phosphate and 10 percent potassium. This is a very balanced fertilizer.
Weathering:
the physical, chemical, and biological process that creates soil.
Climate:
weather conditions, including both temperature and rainfall.
Organisms:
microorganisms that break down organic matter.
Relief:
an environment where the rocks and soil sit on the landscape.
Parent material:
the substances (bedrock, sediment, or organic material) that are weathered to form soil.
Time:
the length of time during which soil is formed, impacting soil composition.
what are six types of soiless media
Vermiculite, perlite, peat moss, coconut coir, Sphagnum moss, Bark,
what do living organisms provide for soil
They allow spaces fir gas exchange, create space for water flow, and increase soil health.
is soil nessicary
Plants can grow without soil, but they will need structures to support them, the correct amount of water and air to their roots, and ample nutrients
what is meant by the biological properties of soil
the direct and indirect influence of the living organisms habituating a particular soil
what is gravitational water
The amount of water in the soil that moves downward under the influence of gravity and reaches the water table
what is capulary water
the amount of water that is retained in minute interstitial spaces in the form of thin films surrounding the soil particles, is known as capillary water
Note
Flashcard