reaction pathways

alkane —> haloalkane

substitution - react w halogen, UV light

haloalkane —> alcohol

substitution - react w metal hydroxide

alcohol —> amine

substitution (hydration) —> react w NH3, alumina, heat

haloalkane —> amine

2 step process, react w conc NH3, heat, ethanol

alkene —> alkane

substitution - react w H2, Ni or Pt catalyst

alkene — > polymer

addition polymerisation - catalyst, heat, pressure

alkene — > haloalkane

addition - react w Hx (e,g, HF, HBr)

alkene —> alcohol

addition - react w H2O, H3PO4 catalyst, heat

secondary alcohol —> ketone

oxidation - react w MnO4^-, Cr2O7-²

primary alcohol —> aldehyde

oxidation - react w MnO4^-, Cr2O7-²

aldehyde —> carboxylic acid

oxidation - react w MnO4^-, Cr2O7-²

alcohol —> carboxylic acid

oxidation — O2 from air (slow), O2/ silver catalyst/ heat (fast)

alcohol + carboxylic acid — > ester

esterification - H2SO4 catalyst, heat

ester —> alcohol + carboxylic acid

hydrolysis - H+ catalyst, heat