Chapter 13: Acids and Titrations

Metals

Metals

________ that are placed high on the reactivity series such as potassium and sodium are very dangerous and react explosively with acids.

acid

When a(n) ________ neutralises a base the products are neutral.

aqueous solution

An acid is a substance that forms ________ with a pH of less than 7.

pH scale

The ________ is a measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is.

oxide

When an acid reacts with a(n) ________ or hydroxide, a neutralisation reaction occurs.

Strong acids

________ dissociate fully in water to produce the maximum number of H+ ions.

certain pH

An indicator is a dye that changed colour depending on whether its above or below a(n) ________.

probe

The ________ is placed in the solution you are measuring and the pH is given on a digital display as a numerical value meaning its more accurate.

Acids

________ will react with metal carbonates to form the corresponding metal salt, carbon dioxide and water.

Acids + base

salt + water

H+ + OH

• H20

The same method works for adding an alkali to an acid

just swap around the liquids that go into the conical flask and burette

This means if you had one mole of hydrochloric acid (HCl) molecules, they would all ‘split to form one mole of H+ ions and one mole of Cl

ions

In fact, about only one per cent of ethanoic acid molecules split up to form H+ ions and CH3COO

ions at any one time

These reactions are easily distinguishable from acid

metal oxide/hydroxide reactions due to the presence of effervescence caused by the carbon dioxide gas