Chapter 39 lab procedures and MT Chapter 16 study guide

What is examined during a CBC?

Differential white blood cell count and morphology, platelet count,and red blood cell morphology

What are the benefits of having an in-house serum test?

they provide quick and accurate results to common viruses and diseases, there is becoming an increasing availability in these tests, and the tests come with step by step instructions on how to use these tests

Centrifuge

common veterinary tool used to spin lab samples at a high rate of speed, used to seperate Supernatant (The liquid portion) from the sediment (the solid portion) of Blood,fecal matter,and urine.

Refractometer

a tool used to measure the weight of a liquid and determines a liquid’s specific gravity, viewed similarly as a prism,measured in g/DL held up to a light source, and viewed through an eye piece. needs to be cleaned after each use by using lens paper

Microscope

key tool in a veterinary lab used for blood anaylsis,ear cytology, and urinalysis, has a variety of different magnification powers

What are common objective lenses

4x,10x,40x,and 100x

stag

where slide is placed

eyepiece

where slide is viewed

focus slide

adjust focus to better see slide

diaphragm mechanism

moves slide up and down

Oil immersion

specialized oil that is placed over a sample in order to better see the sample,100x on the microscope

Pipette

a labratory instrument used to measure out or transfer small quantities of liquid in volumes of ML

Red Top

Sterile; no anticoagulant or additives.Contains gel seperator.Collection of serum for chemical,serological,and bacteriologic studies. Used for collection of serum for chemical,serological,and bacteriologic studies

Purple top

Sterile; contains EDTA as the anticoagulant.Primarily for collection of heamtology studies,blood bank procedures,and certain chemistries with whole blood.

Green top

sterile; contains lithium heparin as the anticoagulant. For collection of miscellaneous studies. Electrolytes,glucose,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can be perfomed more quickly than a red top.

blue top-

sterile, contains sodium citrate solution as the anticoagulant. tube calibrated to hold only 4.5 ml of blood. Primarily for collection of coagulation studies

white top-

sterile- contains potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride as the anticoagulant. Used fo th ecollection of glucose and lactate samples. Not suitable for enzymes or electrolytes.

Explain Hemolysis

Rupture of red blood cells that causes pink coloration to develop in the plasm or serum

Parts of Urinalysis

specific gravity,chemical test strips,microscopic exam

What are the urine method collections for a canine?

Midstream (only one that can be done by a assistant indirectly supervised,catherization,and cystocentesis

What organisms can be seen in a canine ear cytology?

Rod bacteria, yeast, cocci bacteria.

Explain what a gross examination of a sample means?

examining with your senses (ex. smell and sight)

What might you record for a gross fecal exam

Consistency,runny or solid fecal matter, smell, color, normal color of brown or another color.

What might you record for a urine sample?

Smell, fruity smell could indicate ketones, consistency, sediment in there, visability, clear or flouccent, and color pale/clear or dark yellow/orange,red etc

What term means “To catch a disease:

Contract

RR

respiration rate

Bpm

beats per minute

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

CAT

Computed axial tomography

F

frequency

HR

heart rate

PCV

packed cell volume

SOAP

subjective,objective,assessment, plan (record-keeping method)

Pandemic

disease outbreak occuring over a large geographic area; also called panzootic if the widespread outbreak affects many animals over a large geographic area

epidemic

the sudden and widespread outbreak of idesease in a group; also called epizootic if the outbreak attacks many animals in a group. episodix if the outbreak occurs sporadically

endemic

the ongoing presence of disease in a group; also called enzootic if the disease is always present in an animals community

remission

partial or complete disappearance of disease signs

symptom

a characterisitic of disease than can only be sensed by the patient; incorrect term in veterinary medicine

sign

a characteristic of disease that can be observed by others

chronic

having a long course with a progressive onset; persisting for a long time

acute

having a short course with a sudden onset; implies severe