bsc- unit 3 review pt3 (symbiosis, animalia)

Symbiosis

A close, long-term relationship between different species.

Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism

Types of Symbiosis

Endosymbiont

Organisms that live inside another organism, often in a mutually beneficial relationship called endosymbiosis

Theorized one bacteria cell engulfed another bacteria cell, and the engulfed bacteria became the engulfer’s organelles

Explain the Endosymbiotic Theory

Important bc this created chloroplasts, mitochondria, and nucleus, which have their individual sets of DNA

Why is the Endosymbiotic Theory relevant?

• On the root nodules of legumes; mutualistic relationship w/legume plant

• Benefit to plant: Rhiz undergoes nitrogen fixation which helps the plant grow by replenishing soil w/nit. 

• Benefit to bacterium: Low oxygen environment and source of reduced carbon

Describe the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and Legumes

Mutualism

A symbiotic relationship between organisms in which both benefit

Commensalism

A symbiotic relationship in which one benefits, the other unaffected.

Parasitism

A symbiotic relationship in which one benefits, and the other is harmed.

Mollusca

Phylum consisting of snails, clam, octopus

Soft bodies; many have shells; muscular foot

Characteristics of Mollusca

Arthropoda

Phylum of insects, spiders, crustaceans

Jointed appendages; exoskeleton; segmented body

Characteristics of Arthropoda

Echinodermata

Phylum of Starfish, sea urchins

 spiny skin, radial symmetry (in adults), water vascular system

Characteristics of Echinodermata

Animals with backbones and internal skeletons.

Vertebrates

Amphibia

Vertebrate phylum of frogs, salamanders, and newts

Reptilia

Vertebrae phylum of snakes, turtles, lizards

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Order of the hierarchy of life.

 Amphibians: lay eggs in water, have aquatic larvae.

 Reptiles: lay eggs on land, scaly skin, lungs for respiration.

Amphibians vs Reptiles