What term is used to describe continuous tonic-clonic seizures, lasting over 30 minutes, with high fever, and during which consciousness may not return?
status epilepticus
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2
What is a common side effect of pyridostigmine (Mestinon) for myasthenia gravis?
salivation
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3
Which of the following multiple sclerosis medications must be stored in the refrigerator and brought to room temperature for administration?
glatiramer acetate
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4
what is one of the major ways in which antiepileptic medications can interact with each other and with other drugs
**They can displace drugs from their binding sites on plasma proteins.**
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5
What drug blocks glutamate receptors in patients who have Alzheimer's disease?
memantine
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6
What class of drugs may be used to diagnose and treat myasthenia gravis?
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
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7
Which of the following drug classes is used to treat mild symptoms early in Alzheimer's disease?
**acetylcholinesterase inhibitors**
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8
Which of the following anticonvulsants is a controlled substance?
phenobarbital
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9
what drug is both a prophylaxis and treatment for influenza as well as Parkinson’s disease?
amantadine
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10
What are the two neurotransmitters in the brain that play the greatest role in seizures?
GAGA and Glutamate
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11
Which of the following is *not* true regarding the medication phenytoin?
used to manage neuropathic pain
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12
Carbamazepine has a boxed warning for potentially fatal dermatologic reactions for which of the following population groups?
Asian patients
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13
Methylphenidate, an agent used to treat children with ADD/ADHD, can best be characterized as a(n)
stimulant
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14
What combination drug contains levodopa plus an inhibitor of peripheral levodopa metabolism?
Sinemet
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15
Patients and providers must complete risk-benefit evaluations to manage epilepsy during pregnancy with which of the following drugs?
topiramate
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16
Which anti-Parkinson's agent is associated with the on-off phenomenon?
levodopa
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17
Which is a new class of anti-Parkinson agents that increases patient "on" time?
**catechol-o-methyl transferase inhibitors**
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18
Which of the following anticonvulsants is also used to treat manic episodes in bipolar mood disorders?
valproate
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19
Which of the following Alzheimer's disease drugs is commercially available as a transdermal patch under the brand name Exelon?
**memantine**
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20
Which of the following anticonvulsant drugs is a GABA enhancer?
pregabalin
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21
Which of the following is an over-the-count product thought, but not conclusively proven, to improve memory for patients with Alzheimer's disease
**ginkgo biloba**
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22
Drug therapy for multiple sclerosis seeks to
slow down the progression of the disease
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23
What is the most common drug therapy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
levodopa
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24
Which of the following is a self-injected agent used for acute treatment of intermittent "off" time during the treatment of Parkinson's Disease?
apomorphine
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25
Patients who are taking rasagiline should be advised to avoid which of the following types of food?
those that contain tyramine
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26
The use of which anticonvulsant may result in physical or psychological dependence?
pregabalin
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27
Bromocriptine is a drug often prescribed for patients with a diagnosis of
Parkinson’s disease
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28
Which drug used to treat ADD/ADHD is not a controlled substance?
atomoxetine
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29
Carbamazepine is a drug used to control seizures and is also used in the treatment of
bipolar disorder
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30
Which of the following drugs reduces the release of glutamate, norepinephrine, and substance P?
pregabalin
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31
Which of the following is a goal of antiepileptic drug therapy?
reduce the frequency of seizures
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32
Which of the following drugs was originally developed to improve cognition and is not structurally related to other anticonvulsants?
levetiracetam
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33
Which of the following anticonvulsant drugs is also used to prevent migraines?
topiramate
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34
Fosphenytoin is rapidly converted to which of the following drugs upon administration?
phentyoin
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35
Which of the following medications used to treat Parkinson's disease can discolor a patient's urine to a red, brown, or black color?
entacapone
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36
All of the following are side effects from taking the medication cyclophosphamide, *except*
increased appetite
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37
What is the cause of a seizure?
excessive firing of neurons
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38
Which of the following anticonvulsant drugs can also be used for shingles, fibromyalgia, hot flashes, hiccups, restless legs syndrome, and diabetic neuropathy?
gabapentin
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39
The CNS stimulants all have boxed warnings for the potential of
dependence
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40
Lamotrigine has a boxed warning about the possibility of which of the following?
fatal rashes
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41
Which of the following drugs is not a commonly used agent for myasthenia gravis?
dopamine
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42
What is the mechanism of action for anticholinergics drugs?
**blocking muscarinic receptors in the brain**
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43
Which of the following conditions is an autoimmune disease characterized by the degeneration of myelin sheaths around nerves, which serve as electrical insulation?
multiple sclerosis
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44
Which of the following conditions is a disorder of the interface between nerves and muscles, resulting from autoimmune damage to acetylcholine receptors at the motor end plate?
myasthenia gravis
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45
Which of the following conditions is a degenerative disorder of the brain that leads to progressive dementia and changes in personality?
alzeimer’s disease
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46
The FDA has issued a boxed warning for tiagabine about which of the following problems?
the ability to cause seizures
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47
Due to serious adverse effects, which anticonvulsant requires the patient or guardian to sign informed consent to use?
felbamate
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48
Due to the _____, the small allowable differences in manufacturing can affect the effectiveness of anticonvulsants.
**narrow therapeutic index**
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49
Patients who use a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor typically
**may reduce the dosage of levodopa.**
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50
What is required to be dispensed with all antiepileptic drugs?
medication guide
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51
Which of the following alternative therapies is used in patients with Parkinson's disease to improve motor symptoms?
**5-hydroxytryptophan**
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52
Which of the following anticonvulsants should *not* be given to a patient with a sulfa allergy?
zonisamide
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53
When levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier, it is metabolized into which of the following neurotransmitters?
dopamine
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54
Patients with Parkinson's disease have an imbalance of which of the following neurotransmitters?
**dopamine and acetylcholine**
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55
Common therapy for children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include the use of which of the following?
CNS stimulants
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56
If a patient is taking methylphenidate for ADHD, which of the following drug classes should be avoided by the patient for the two weeks prior to starting therapy?
MAOIs
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57
Gingival hyperplasia is a hallmark side effect of which anticonvulsant drug?
Studied by 3 people
