IHUM FINALS PREP

Vertical Line

A straight line that runs up and down.

Horizontal Line

A straight line that runs left to right.

Diagonal Line

A straight line that slopes from one bottom corner to a top corner.

Hatching

An artistic technique that involves drawing closely spaced parallel lines to create shading or tonal effects.

Actual Line

Physical marks made in a composition.

Implied Line

Lines that are suggested.

Closure

Describes how people tend to perceive incomplete images as complete objects.

Continuity

A principle of visual perception that describes how the human eye tends to see lines and curves as flowing and connected.

Geometric shapes

Precise shapes with straight angles and lines.

Organic shapes

Irregular shapes that are similar to shapes found in nature.

Amorphous shapes

Shapes lacking structure/non-geometric.

Positive and negative shapes

Positive shapes are the objects, while negative shapes are the areas in between objects.

Value contrast

The difference between light and dark in a piece of art.

Value pattern

The placement of objects in artwork that guides the eye and creates unity between the objects.

Low key / high key values

Used to describe a painting that's related to the low-key or high-key lighting of cinema or photography.

Chiaroscuro

A technique that uses light and shadow to make 3D objects.

Warm colors

Colors that give off the feeling of warmth, energy, and heat.

Cool colors

Colors that give off the feeling of relaxed, calm, and cooling emotions.

Monochromatic schemes

Theme with hues of the same color instead of different colors.

Analogous color schemes

Groups of colors that appear next to each other on the color wheel.

Complementary scheme

Uses colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel to create a high-contrast, vibrant look.

Discordant colors

Deliberate to specifically bring out a person, place, or thing.

Arbitrary color

A choice of color in an artwork that has no basis in the realistic appearance of the object depicted.

Denatured color

Method of painting that uses denatured alcohol to create un-naturalistic and marble-like shapes.

Relative size

Clues in the picture that help you figure out the size of objects.

Overlapping

A technique that involves placing one object in front of another to create the illusion of depth and three-dimensionality.

Transparency

The quality of being able to see through (or partially see through) one or more layers in an artwork.

Vertical Positioning

The use of lines and shapes that run up and down, and the effect that has on the viewer.

Atmospheric depth

The illusion of depth moving back into space.

Linear Perspective

A system of creating an illusion of depth on a flat surface.

Vantage Point

A stationary point from which a viewer is related to the object/figure being rendered.

Vanishing Point

The point where parallel lines that recede into the distance appear to meet on the horizon line.

Arch

A curved symmetrical structure usually used to support the weight of a different structure.

Atrium

A central hall or court in a modern building, often glass-covered.

Buttress

A projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall.

Cantilever

A long projecting beam or girder fixed at only one end.

Column/pillar

A tall vertical structure of stone, wood, or metal used to support a building.

Dome

A rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure.

Façade

The face of a building, especially the main front that looks onto a street or open space.

Organic architecture

A philosophy of architecture that promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world.

Prairie Style

Low, horizontal silhouettes with one or two stories featuring broad, low-pitched roofs and wide, overhanging eaves that emphasize the broad lines.

Modernist architecture

Values experimentation and purity and focuses on improving society and honoring the artist.

Postmodernist

Values organic, multivalent art, and playfulness; collage-like in the way it caters to revivalism.

Deconstructivism in architecture

Utilizes fragmentation in architecture form; emphasizes non-rectilinear shapes that distort traditional elements of architecture.

Genre film

A film that follows a well-known film genre exactly how it is and is marketed for that reason.

Extreme close-up shot

A shot even closer and tighter on the subject so it takes up most of or all of the frame.

Close up shot

A shot of a subject or object at a close range to show detail.

Medium shot

A shot from a medium distance from the subject to show the fully body and its surroundings.

Long shot

A shot that is from a far distance to show the subject and the setting fully.

Extreme long shot

A long shot from an even wider distance to show the setting more than the subject.

Deep focus

A cinematic technique that keeps the entire frame in sharp focus, from the foreground to the background.

High angle shot

A cinematic technique where the camera looks down on the subject from a high angle.

Low angle shot

A camera angle that's positioned below eye level and points upward at a subject.

Oblique angle or canted angle

A camera shot where the camera is tilted on its axis, creating a slanted horizon line.

Classical editing

Editing that is smooth, relatively unnoticeable, and makes for a smooth narrative.

Continuity editing/cut

Technique that combines multiple shots into a seamless narrative that feels natural and connected.

Radical/subjective continuity editing

Cuts of different time and space for dramatic effect.

Thematic editing

Shots edited together to cue viewer to reflect on implicit meanings, not just to tell a story.

Associative editing

Juxtaposition of images and sounds, linking them together to evoke emotional or intellectual responses.

Jump cut

An abrupt transition from one scene to another.

Match cut

Joining two shots together by matching visual elements, creating a seamless transition between scenes.

Montage

Combines a series of short clips into a sequence to convey information, evoke emotion, or show the passage of time.

Cinematography

The art of capturing visual images.

Frame composition

How elements in the camera's frame are arranged.

Mis en scene

'Placing on stage,' involves setting, props, costumes, etc.

High key lighting

Well-lit, soft lighting with minimal shadows, creating a cheerful feeling.

Low key lighting

Strong contrast and deep shadows, used to create drama or tension.

High-contrast lighting (chiaroscuro effect)

High contrast between light and dark areas in a shot.

Back-lighting (Halo effect)

Lighting from behind, creating a silhouette or a halo effect.

Soundtrack

All songs played in the movie.

Diegetic sound

All sounds that characters within the story can hear.

Non-diegetic sound

Refers to sounds or music that only the audience can hear.

Musical motifs in film

Musical motifs recur in the film to represent themes or characters.

Identify five key conventions of Screwball Comedies

1. Witty dialogue or banter 2. Unlikely events 3. Mistaken identities 4. Clear character tropes 5. A twist or threatening plotline with a happy ending.

Auteur

A director who writes the scripts themselves and directs everything; a complete filmmaker.

Metteur en scene

Scene setter director; directs scenes but is just another hired person.

Challenges related to adapting a story from novel to film

1. Distillation in adaptation 2. Everything must be visual and audible 3. Different devices are used based on adaptation type.

Memes

A humorous image, text, or video that trends on the internet.

The new sincerity in postmodern comedy

A move from nihilistic and cynical humor to vulnerable and authentic ironic humor.

Joseph Campbell's Hero's Journey/Hero Cycle

1. Separation 2. Initiation 3. Return

Rockism

Music that relies on authenticity and creativity.

Poptimism

The belief that pop music is as worthy as rock music to be critiqued for authenticity.