Studied by 47 people
Kemal, Mustafa
Led the Turkish National Movement and first president of Turkey
Keynesian Economics
The idea that intentional government action could improve the economy. To stimulate economic activity, the government should cut taxes and increase spending.
Keynes, John Maynard
A British Economist that came up with an economic system to help governments out of the Great Depression
Kolkhoz
A group of peasants who freely joined together to farm a certain portion of land.
Kristallnacht
"Night of the Broken Glass" Anti-Jewish riots that Hitler campaigned to rid Germany of Jews by burning and destroying their businesses
Kuomintang
The Chinese Nationalist Party led by Sun Yatsen, for full independence, industrialization and overthrow the warlords
League of Nations
Mentioned in Wilson's 14 Points as an organization in which all nations of the world would convene to discuss conflicts openly, a way to avoid the simmering tensions that had caused WWI.
Lebensraum
"Living Space". Land for settlement and development for the German people
Lenin, Vladimir
A Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He was the first and founding head of Soviet Russia and Soviet Union who was a Marxist.
Leningrad
Formerly known as St. Petersburg
Lost Generation
American expatriate writers living in Paris after the war. Eventually came to be used to describe those suffering from the shock of war
Loyalist
Or Republican in the Spanish Civil War that defended the newly elected Spanish Republic.
Luftwaffe
The German air force
Lusitania
An ocean liner carrying more than 100 U.S. citizens that was attacked by a German submarine
Machine guns
Fire more than 500 rounds of ammunition per minute
Mahatma
"the great one"
MAIN
Sources of the tension in Europe which were the cause of WWI (Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism)
Mandate system
An attempt to stop the cycle of war and fighting over conquered land by appropriating the land of the collapsed Ottoman Empire and the colonies of Germany
Mein Kampf
"My Struggle" Adolf Hitler's book about himself and his plans for the German empire
Militarism
Aggressive military preparedness. Celebrates war and the armed forces
Munich Agreement
Allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland in return for a promise that Germany would not take over any more Czech territory
Mussolini, Benito
Italian dictator that coined the term fascism.
Nagasaki
Second atomic bomb was dropped on this Japanese town 3 days after the first one.
Nationalism
Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests.
Nationalist
Insurgents in the Spanish Civil war led by Francisco Franco.
Nazis
National Socialist German Worker's Party that came to power legally after the party did well in the 1932 parliamentary elections.
Neutral States
(WWI) Spain, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, Albania
New Deal
Roosevelts and his backers new policies and programs for relief, recovery and reform of the United States economy
New Economic Plan
(NEP) An attempt to remedy Russians economic collapse Lenin instituted a temporary retreat from communist economic policies.
Nuremberg laws
Laws passed in Germany designed to disenfranchise and discriminate against the Jewish population
Pakistan
Part of the Two-State solution in India that would be a separate state that would be heavily Muslim in western and eastern parts of Asia
"Pals Battalions"
Battalions made up of men who already knew each other.
Pan-Arabism
An ideology that called for the unification of all lands in north Africa and the Middle East
Pandemic
A disease prevalent over a large area or the entire world. Killing 20 million people in Europe, United States and elsewhere.
Pearl Harbor
U.S. Naval Base on the island of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean which experienced a surprise attack from Japan on Dec. 7, 1941. This attack woke the "sleeping giant"
Petroleos Mexicanos
(PEMEX) Mexican oil company that became the second largest state-owned company in the world.
Poison gas
Most insidious weapons of the new style of warfare. Chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas.
Politburo
The Communist Party's central organization.
Popular Front
A coalition of left-wing parties, that the Spanish people elected to lead the government in 1936
Princip, Gavrilo
Assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Propaganda
Communication meant to influence the attitudes and opinions of a community around a particular subject by spreading inaccurate or slated information.
Reconnaissance
Secret observations of enemy lines
Reparations
The making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged.
Rome-Berlin Axis
German military pact with Fascist Italy
Rommel, Erwin
German General that led his torps into Egypt and threatened to take the city of Alexandria. Also called the "Desert Fox"
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
32nd president of the U.S. who used Keynesian Economics to help stimulate the economy in hopes of getting out of the Great Depression
Russian Civil War
1918-1921. Hundreds of thousands of Russians, Ukrainians, and others revolted against the Russian government's actions
Salt March
One of Gandhi's first campaigns where he led thousands of Indians to the Arabian Sea and simply picked up a few grains of salt
Satyagraha Movement
"devotion-to-truth", encouraged Indians to break unjust laws and serve jail time.
Scientific Racism
A pseudoscientific theory that claimed that certain races were genetically superior to others.
Secret Alliances
Groups whose members secretly agree to protect and help on another when attacked.
Siege of Leningrad
Soviets defended the city of Leningrad for 3 years and millions of Soviets died
Self-determination
The idea that peoples of the same ethnicity, language, culture, and political ideals should be united and should have the right to form an independent nation-state
Spanish Civil War
Struggle between the forces of democracy and forces of fascism that took place on Spanish soil in the early 1930s
Spanish Republic
Formed in 1931 after King Alfonso VIII abdicated his throne
Stalemate
A situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible.
Stalin, Joseph
Took over Soviet Union after the death of Lenin and renamed in USSR. Set himself up as dictator. Remained in power for almost 30 years.
Submarine
Wreaked havoc on the shipping lanes of the Atlantic Ocean
Tanks
Developed by the British to protect troops as they moved across vast areas of difficult terrain. Also called "landships"
Tariffs
Taxes on imports
Third Reich
Hitlers new German empire
Total War
Committing all a nations resources to the war effort.
Totalitarian state
A state in which the government controls all aspects of society.
Treaty of Versailles
The 1919 peace treaty with Germany.
Trench warfare
Long ditches dug in the ground with excavated earth banked in front in order to defend against enemy fire.
Triple Alliance
WWI: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
Triple Entente
Britain, France and Russian alliance all viewed Germany as a rival for different reasons
Turkish National Movement
A group that organized an army to fight for self-determination after the Ottoman empire collapsed
Turkification
An effort to make all citizens of the multiethnic empire identify with Turkish culture
Tutelage
Protection of or authority over someone or something; guardianship.
Tutsi
Minority group in Rwanda
U-boat
Submarine (Germany specifically)
V-E Day
Victory over Europe Day May 8, 1945
V-J Day
Victory over Japan. Japan surrendered unconditionally on Aug. 14, 1945
Villa, Francisco "Pancho"
During the Mexican Revolution he was in charge of Madero's troops and defeated the Mexicans
Weimar Republic
The German state from 1918-1933 when it functioned as a federal constitutional republic
Young Turks
A group of Ottoman reformers
Zapata, Emiliano
One of the Mexican revolutionaries that began to redistribute land to impoverished peasants after defeating Mexico
Zedong, Mao
Led the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), believed the communist revolt should be based on peasants.
Zimmermann Telegram
A telegram that was intercepted by the United States between Germany and Mexico, that was asking Mexico to help Germany with the war and in return Germany would give Mexico U.S. territory.
Zionist
Those who supported a Jewish homeland
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