civic exam

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41 Terms

1

Article I – Legislative Branch

Creates the House of Representatives and Senate, outlines lawmaking powers. (congress)

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2

Article II – Executive Branch

Defines presidential powers, duties, and impeachment process. (president & vp)

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3

Article III – Judicial Branch

Establishes the federal court system. (supreme court)

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4

Article IV State Relationships –

Full Faith and Credit Clause (States must recognize laws of other states.)

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5

Article V – Amendment Process

Explains how the Constitution can be changed.

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6

Article VI – Supremacy Clause

The Constitution and federal laws override state laws.

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7

Article VII – Ratification

Required nine states to approve the Constitution for it to take effect.

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8

First Amendment

Protects freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.

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9

Second Amendment

Protects the right to bear arms.

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10

Third Amendment

No forced quartering of soldiers.

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11

Fourth Amendment

Protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

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12

Fifth Amendment

Right to due process, no self-incrimination, no double jeopardy.

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13

Sixth Amendment

Right to a speedy and public trial, impartial jury, and legal counsel.

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14

Seventh Amendment

Right to a jury trial in civil cases.

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15

Eighth Amendment

No cruel and unusual punishment.

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16

Ninth Amendment

People have rights beyond those listed in the Constitution.

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17

Tenth Amendment

Powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or people.

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18

Thirteenth Amendment

Abolished slavery.

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19

Fourteenth Amendment

Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.

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20

Fifteenth Amendment

Gave Black men the right to vote.

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21

Nineteenth Amendment

Gave women the right to vote.

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22

Twenty First Amendment

Repealed Prohibition (allowed alcohol).

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23

Twenty Second Amendment

Limited the president to two terms.

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24

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Ended segregation in schools.

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25

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Established that Congress can create a national bank; states cannot tax the federal government.

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26

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Only Congress can regulate interstate commerce.

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27

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Legalized abortion based on the right to privacy.

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28

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

Schools can censor student newspapers.

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29

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Right to an attorney, even if you cannot afford one.

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30

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Established judicial review (courts can declare laws unconstitutional).

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31

U.S. v. Nixon (1974)

The president is not above the law; Nixon had to release Watergate tapes.

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32

District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)

Individuals have a right to own firearms.

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33

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Banned segregation and discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or national origin.

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34

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Banned literacy tests and other barriers to Black voting rights.

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35

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Warned European countries not to interfere in the Americas.

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36

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Freed enslaved people in Confederate states.

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37

Affordable Care Act (2010)

Expanded healthcare coverage.

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38

Executive Order 9066 (1942)

Ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during WWII.

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39

New Deal Legislation (1930s)

Series of laws passed to address the Great Depression.

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40

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Allowed segregation under 'separate but equal' doctrine.

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41

Schenck v. U.S. (1919)

Limited free speech during wartime if it creates a clear and present danger.

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