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the skull has
7 bones
hypo/hyperthyroidism can cause
coarse or fine hear
your are palpating for
masses
you inspect for
redness
giant cell arteritis
visibly enlarge temporal artery
what two sinuses are most likely to be infected
maxillary and frontal -because they are more superficial
what are the two deeper sinuses
ethmoid
why would you transilluminate a sinus
if tender or if infection is suspected
what glands are anterior to the ear
parotid glands
what are you checking for in a TMJ examine
slow cracking (crepitus) and tenderness
T/F TMJ can cause ear aches
T
what muscles move the jaw superficially
temporalis and masseter
what other two muscles aid jaw movement
lateral pterygoid
which nerve are you inspecting for when you have the pt make faces
CN 7 : facial nerve
what is the cartilaginous part of the ear called
pinna or auricle
what are checking behind the ear
mastoid to ensure there is no tenderness
what nerve transmits sound to the brain
CN 8 : vestibulocochlear
what does the cochlea do
transmits sound to the nerves
what is it called when a middle ear infection spreads to the mastoid bone
osteomyelitis
which way do you pull the ear to adjust the ear canal for otoscopic exam
up
which way do yo pull a child 3 and Youngers ear to adjust their ear canal for otoscopic exam
down
you must position the otoscope ___ looking in
before
cerumen
ear wax
you should send the pt to the ENT if perforations are on
the peripheral of the ear drum
what color is the TM supposed to be
pearly gray
bulging of the TM indicates
infection
malleus and cone of light point/are on what side of the TM
respective to which ear you are looking at
which nerve are you checking with the finger rub test
CN 8 : vestibulocochlear
Webber test
use 512Hz tuning fork in middle of head
should hear bilaterally
if hearing affect sound will go to the affect ear -conductive
Rinne test
512Hz tuning fork
place on mastoid and then in front of ear to check for hearing loss
AC should be great than BC
T/F you can see the upper turbinate upon exam
F: when looking at the nose you will only see the the middle and lower turbinate
which nerve are you checking with smell
CN 1 : olfactory
cracked corners of the mouth indicate
vitamin deficiency
which duct is by the molars
Stenson
which duct is below the tongue
Wharton
sweet or fruity breath can indicate
diabetes
etoh on breath
alcohol
uvula movement indicates which nerve is intact
CN X vagus
what nerves are you checking with the gag reflex
CN IX and X : glossopharyngeal and vagus
what nerve are you checking with tongue movement
CN XII hypoglossal
features of the posterior neck triangle
sternocleidomastoid
features of the anterior neck triangle
mandible
lymph nodes in order of examination
occipital
which nerve innervates the shoulder shrug test
CN XI accessory
routine eye examines can catch chronic/systemic disease such as
hypertension and diabetes
what nerve opens the eyelids
CN VIII vestibulocochlear
what nerve closes the eyelids
CN VII facial
what is the iris
color pigmentation of the eye
helps control light entrance
pupil
opening not a structure
limbus
Where the cornea blends into the sclera
conjuctiva
covers the posterior aspect of the lid and the sclera
single membrane that reflects on itself
sclera
white part of the eye
lacrimal gland
produces tears
bones of the eye
frontal
macula
contains rods and cones
circular in eye exam
T/F the macula and fovea are the most sensitive part of the eye
T
fovea
center of the macula
will see a glint of light upon exam
when visually inspecting the eye with light what direction should you go in
medial and then lateral
don't stay on the fovea/macula long
how far away should the Rosenbaum eye chart be
14 in
exophtalmos
bulging eyes
ptosis
drooping eyelids
lid lag
delay of moving eyelids down
raccoon eyes indicate
trauma
T/F thyroid conditions can create eye problems
T
which lesion hurts
hordeolum
types of eye lesions
hordeolum
chalazion
not painful
accumulation of material in eye
result of blocked gland
large buldge
hordeolum (stye)
erythematous
internal vs external styes
internal: meibomian gland
can evolve into chalazion external: Zeiss or Moll gland along lash line
what is the first line of treatment for a stye
warm compress and mass for 5-6 days
should drain spontaneously
what happens if the stye doesn't go away naturally
antibiotics topical or oral --> I&D w/ referral to opthalmology
entropion
in turning lashes
ectropion
out turning lashes
what do you palpate the lacrimal gland for
regurgitation
blephritis
inflammation of the eyelid
To inspect the conjunctiva have the patient look ___
in all directions with lids pulled away to see as much as possible
very pale underlid indicates
anemia -hx bleeding -easy bruising
subconjunctival hemorrhage
usually painless
bleeding under conjuctiva
localized redness
self limiting
if a subconjunctival hemorrhage is spontaneous
this could indicate
pinguecula
collection of fat
pterygium
opaque fibrovascular tissues
T/F you can use cause to gently remove foreign bodies forms he eye
T: if doesn't come easily make referral
Snellen eye chart
Alphabet
Note 
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