Computer Concept finals ch 9 - 11

A(n) ____________ system collects, stores, and processes data to provide useful, accurate, and timely

information, typically within the context of an organization.

information

The scope of an information system includes which of the following?​

a. ​computers, communications networks, and data

b. ​people and products

c. ​policies and procedures

d. ​All of the above

all of the above

A(n) _____________ is a group of people working together to accomplish a goal.​

organization

Every organization has a goal or plan that's referred to as its ___________.

mission

Information systems designed for a specific industry or enterprise may use vertical market software. t/f

true

Horizontal market software is designed to meet the needs of a single industry while vertical market software meets

the needs of many different industries. t/f

false

__________ are the people who directly carry out the organization's mission

workers

_________ determine organizational goals and plan how to achieve those goals

managers

The emphasis on longrange and future goals is referred to as _________ planning

strategic

Information systems can provide some or all of the data needed for strategic, tactical, but not operational planning.​ t/f

false

One of the major functions of an information system is to help people make decisions in response to problems. t/f

true

In an information system, problems can be classified into three types: structured, ________, and unstructured.​

semi-sturctured

Which type of problem requires human intuition as the basis for finding a solution.

unstructured

A(n) ___________ provides a way to collect, process, store, display, modify, or cancel transactions.​

transaction processing system or TPS

Most modern transaction processing systems use ________ processing—a realtime method in which each

transaction is processed as it is entered.

online

A transaction processing system is characterized by its ability to:​

a. ​Collect, display, and modify transactions.

b. ​Store transactions.

c. ​List transactions.

d. ​all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a management information system?

collect, display, and modify transactions

18. A(n) ___________ report contains information that is outside of normal or acceptable ranges.​

exception

A(n) ____________ helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data, accessing data from external

sources, generating statistical projections, and creating data models of various scenarios.

decision support system or DSS

One type of decision support system, called an executive information system, is designed to provide senior

managers with information relevant to ___________ management activities such as setting policies, planning, and

preparing budgets.​

strategic

A decision support system derives its name from the fact that it provides the tools a decision maker needs to

analyze data.​ t/f

true

A DSS manipulates the data needed to make a decision as well as making a decision. t/f

false

The process of designing, entering, and testing the rules in an expert system is referred to as __________.​

knowledge engineering

An expert system __________ is a software tool containing an inference engine and a user interface that

developers use to enter facts and rules for a knowledge base.

shell

Expert systems are designed to deal with data that is imprecise or with problems that have more than one solution

using a technique called __________.​

fuzzy logic

____________ refers to business transactions that are conducted electronically over a computer network

ecommerce

Which ecommerce classification encompasses online storefronts selling merchandise and services to consumers

B2C

Which ecommerce classification encompasses consumers selling merchandise and services to each other?

C2C

An ecommerce ____________ is the software that handles ecommerce transactions.

application

An online shopping cart uses _________ to store information about a customer's activities on an ecommerce site

cookies

On an ecommerce site, After finding a _________ with a cart ID number, the site can display the cart's contents

to the customer.

cookie

A key component of an ecommerce application is an online _________

cart

Payment processing is based on an online payment __________ that authorizes credit and debit cards, PayPal, and

Apple Pay transactions.

gateway

At an ecommerce site, the merchant's ecommerce application carries out only the first and last stages of the

payment process. t/f

true

A(n) ___________ is the sequence of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in

moving a product or service from supplier to customer.

supply chain

Technically, a supply chain stretches from raw materials and parts all the way to customer delivery. t/f​

true

Businesses use ___________ to maximize efficiency and profitability of their supply chain.

SCM or supply chain management

The goal of SCM is to supply customers with the right product at the right price. t/f

true

Data for SCM does not necessarily take into account customer demand for products. t/f

false

In business circles, the galaxy of services that revolve around customers is called ___________.​

CRM or customer relationship management

Customer __________ programs such as Zappos VIP help attract and retain customers

loyalty

A major source of data for CRM is produced by loyalty programs. t/f

true

_______ applications provide optimal information when they encompass customer support, marketing, and sales.​

CRM

Which of the following is not a core CRM system?

payment gateway

The acronym ERP stands for enterprise relationship payment. t/f

false

In addition to sales, CRM, and SCM, ERP modules support business activities such as _____________.​

a. ​product planning

b. ​manufacturing and purchasing

c. ​inventory control and distribution

d. ​all of the above

all of the above

The use of several databases is one of ERP's major advantages.

t/f

false

A(n) _____ system can provide such benefits as improved overall performance by standardizing business

processes based on

best practices or improved access to information from a single database to an enterprise.

ERP

An information system progresses through several phases as it is developed, used, and finally retired. These phases

are usually referred to as the _________.

SDLC

A(n) _________ SDLC can be used to create and implement a small subset of a system and then enhance it

through a series of upgrades.

iterative

Iterative SDLCs are often referred to as "agile methods" because they allow flexibility as development progresses. t/f

true

Systems analysis and design is a discipline that focuses on developing information systems according to the phases

of an _________.​

SDLC

Iterative SDLCs are often referred to as "______ methods" because they allow flexibility as development

progresses.

agile

The goal of the planning phase for an information system project is to create a(n) ____________.​

project development plan

The planning phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________.

writing a requirements report

A widely accepted technique called __________ application design is based on the idea that the best information

systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together on a project as equal partners.

joint

JAD provides a structured methodology for planning and holding a series of meetings in which users and analysts

jointly identify problems and look for solutions. t/f

true

Which of the following is not included in Michael Porter's Five Forces model?

supply chain efficiency

Which business practice is a technique initiated by top management that involves all employees and all departments,

and focuses on quality assurance in every product and service offered to customers?

TQM

__________ methodology focuses on the processes that take place within an information system

structured

Information engineering methodology treats an information system as a collection of objects that interact to

accomplish tasks. t/f

false

Industry standard tools for scheduling and project management include PERT, WBS, and ________.​

Gnatt charts

The goal of the ____________ phase of a SDLC is to produce a list of requirements for a new or revised

information system.

analysis

Which of the following is not part of the analysis phase of a SDLC?

Develop a project schedule

System _________ are the criteria for successfully solving problems identified in an information system

requirements

A document called a system requirements report that describes the objectives for the information system. t/f

true

In DFD terminology, a(n) ____________ entity is a person, an organization, or a device outside the information

system that originates or receives data.

external

In DFD terminology, a data store is a process that changes data by performing a calculation, updating information,

or sorting a list. t/f

false

The current standard for object oriented documentation is referred to as ______

UML

A use case diagram documents the users of an information system and the functions they perform. Any task an actor performs is called a use _______.​

case

In a DFD, a(n) __________ diagram provides the name of each object, a list of each object's attributes, a list of

methods, and an indication of the associations between objects.​

class

A(n) _________ tool is a software application designed for documenting system requirements, diagramming

current and proposed information systems, scheduling development tasks, and developing computer programs.

case

In the ________ phase of the SDLC, the project team must figure out how the new system will fulfill the

requirements specified in the system requirements report.

design

The design phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________.

write requirements report

A(n) ____________ system consists of hardware and application software designed to offer a complete

information system solution.

turnkey

An application development tool is essentially a software construction kit containing building blocks that can be

assembled into a software product. t/f

true

Application software for an information system is usually a series of preprogrammed software modules supplied by

a software publisher. t/f

true

Using a ________ support worksheet, the project team can assign scores to each criterion, weight them, and

compare totals for all solutions​.

decision

During the design phase of a SDLC, if the project team selects a solution that requires custom programming, the

team's systems analysts will create a set of ________ specifications.

application

Detailed application specifications can be developed before or after selecting the hardware and software for an

information system. t/f

false

Proposed changes to application specifications should be managed within a formal process that includes written

change _______.

requests

82. Some projects fail because of constant, unmanaged demand for changes, often referred to as ________.​

feature creep

In the __________ phase of the SDLC, the project team chooses a solution, selects hardware and software, and

designs detailed application specifications.​

design

The implementation phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________

Obtain approval

During the ____________ phase of the SDLC, the project team supervises the tasks necessary to construct the

new information system.

implementation

As the design phase of a SDLC begins, programming languages, development tools, and application software

needed for the new information system are purchased, installed, and tested to ensure that they work correctly. t/f

false

During the ____________ phase, new hardware is purchased, installed, and tested to ensure that it operates

correctly.

implementation

Software ____________ is the process of modifying a commercial application to reflect an organization's needs

customization

____________ testing is the process of trying out various sequences of input values and checking the results to

verify that the application works as it was designed.

application

After unit and integration testing are completed, _________ testing ensures that all hardware and software

components work together.​

system

System ___________ describes a system's features, hardware architecture, and programming.​

documentation

_________ documentation describes how to interact with the system to accomplish specific tasks.

User

__________ documentation describes a system's features, hardware architecture, and programming.​

System

System documentation contains stepbystep instructions for performing specific tasks. t/f

false

System ____________ refers to the process of deactivating an old information system and activating a new one

conversion

Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required. t/f

true

The maintenance phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________

convert data

The ____________ phase of the SDLC involves the day-to-day operation of the system, making modifications to

improve performance, and correcting problems.​

maintenance

The term quality of service refers to the level of performance a computer system provides. t/f

true

Three key concepts ensure good quality of service include all of the following except _______

convertibility