Health and PA

What are social determinants of health?

External factors such as income, social status, education, social environment, and physical environment that influence health.

What is the relationship between income and health?

Higher income is associated with better health outcomes.

What is meant by biological determinants of health?

Internal or genetic factors that affect health, such as age, sex, biology, and birthweight.

Define mortality.

The rate or number of deaths in a given population.

Define morbidity.

The number of people with a disease within a population.

What did the Harvard alumni health study find about energy expenditure?

A decline in all cause death rates is inversely related to increased energy expenditure; more energy expenditure leads to fewer deaths.

What is incidence in public health?

The new occurrences of a condition or disease in a population over a given time.

What is prevalence in public health?

The total number of individuals who have a specific condition or disease at a given time.

What are prospective cohort studies?

Research design where a sample population is selected at random from a defined population for follow-up.

What is a randomized control trial?

A study design where participants are randomly assigned to experimental or control groups.

What are the stages of the stage theory in behavior change?

Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

What influences adherence to physical activity?

Psychological factors, biobehavioral factors, and medical hazards all influence adherence.

How does parental activity level affect children?

If parents are more active, their children are likely to be more active as well.

What is Project PACE?

A program that began in the USA and became the Activity Counselling Trial (ACT).

What does CSEP-CEP stand for?

Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology - Clinical Exercise Physiologist, who can work with any population in a clinical setting.

What change in activity levels has been observed as age increases?

As age increases, physical activity levels tend to decrease, with a larger effect seen in girls compared to boys.