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News
The process of gathering information and making narrative reports that help the public make sense of important events.
Partisan Press
An early style of American journalism characterized by opinion newspapers advocating a specific political viewpoint.
Penny Papers
Newspapers that became affordable to the working and emerging middle class due to innovations in printing in the 1830s.
Yellow Journalism
A style of journalism that emphasized sensationalism and exaggerated news stories, particularly during the 1890s.
Characteristics of Yellow Journalism
Over dramatic stories about crime, celebrities, disasters, scandals , and intrigue
News reports exposing corruption in business and government
Inverted Pyramid
A style of journalism where the most important information is reported first, followed by less significant details.
Objective Journalism
A modern journalism style striving to present factual reports without editorializing or expressing personal opinions.
Interpretive Journalism
A type of journalism that analyzes and explains key issues or events in a broader context. Developed in response to the poor reporting of WWI
Wire Services
Commercial organizations, began with Associated Press (AP), that share news stories and information across the country and world, initially using telegraphs.
Newshole
The space in a newspaper for news content after accounting for advertisements.
Newsworthy
Often-understated criteria that journalist use to determine which events and issues should become news reports, including: timeliness, proximity, conflict, prominence, human interest, consequences, usefulness, novelty, and deviance
Paywall
A system that restricts access to online content to paid subscribers.
Citizen Journalism
A grassroots movement where non-professional journalists use the internet to disseminate news.
Values of American journalism
Neutrality; lack of bias
Diversity
Getting a good story first and “right”
Other values in journalism
Ethnocentrism- judging the other countries and culture according to how they live up or imitate American practices
Responsible Capitalism- Assumes that businesspeople compete with one another to increase prosperity for all
Small-town pastoralism- Favors the small over large and rural over the urban
Individualism- favors individual rights and responsibilities over group needs or institutional mandates
Conflict of Interest
A situation where a journalist stands to gain personally from the news report they produce, considered unethical.
Human-Interest Stories
News accounts focusing on the personal experiences of individuals facing extraordinary challenges.
Commercial Shipping News
Reports that offered updates on market conditions and shipping activities, evolving into the modern business section.
Feature Syndicates
Commercial brokers that provide work from well-known writers and artists to newspapers.
Social Responsibility
The ethical obligation of journalists to provide accurate and fair coverage while considering the impact on society.
Fake News
Misinformation presented as news, often designed to mislead the public.
The trouble future of journalism
Survival of free press is not certain
Fewer outlets; concentrated ownership
Citizens must be mindful of new sources
Anti-journalism propaganda & threats of violence
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