Chemistry - Colours of Inorganic Ions and Complexes

Set to learn the definitions, not terms. All info is taken from the OCR resource, ' https://www.ocr.org.uk/Images/598991-colours-of-inorganic-ions-and-complexes-poster-.pdf '

[Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Pale blue, aq

[Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ is formed from:

CuSO4.5H2O

Cu(OH)₂

Pale blue, s

Cu(OH)₂ is formed from:

Ammonia added dropwise to Cu²+

[Cu(NH₃)₄(H₂O)₂]²⁺

dark blue, aq

[Cu(NH₃)₄(H₂O)₂]²⁺ is formed by:

Cu²+ with excess ammonia

CuCl₄^2-

pale yellow aq

CuCl₄^2- is formed by:

Excess HCl added to CU²+

Cu⁺

white s in brown I2

Cu⁺ is formed by:

Reaction of Cu2+ with I-

Cu²⁺/Cu

Blue aq w/ brown solid

Cu²⁺/Cu is formed by:

Disproportionation of Cu+ in acid

CoCl₄^2-

blue, aq

CoCl₄^2- is formed by:

CoCl2.6H2O plus water and HCl

[Cr(H₂O)₆]³⁺

pale purple, aq

[Cr(H₂O)₆]³⁺ is formed by:

KCr(SO4)2.12H2O plus water

Cr(OH)₃

dark green, s

Cr(OH)₃ is formed by:

ammonia added dropwise to Cr³+

[Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺

purple, aq

[Cr(NH₃)₆]³⁺ is formed by:

excess ammonia added to Cr²+

[Cr(OH)₆]^3-

dark green, aq

[Cr(OH)₆]^3- is formed by:

Excess OH- added to Cr(OH)3

Cr₂O₇^2-

orange, aq

Cr₂O₇^2- is formed by:

K2Cr2O7 in H2SO4

CrO₄^2-

yellow, aq

CrO₄^2- is formed by:

Oxidation of Cr³+ with hot alkaline H2O2

[Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺

pale pink, aq

[Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺ is formed by:

MnSO4.4H2O

Mn(OH)₂

pale brown, s

Mn(OH)₂ is formed by:

NaOH added dropwise to Mn²+

[Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺

pale green, aq

[Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ is formed by:

Na Oh added dropwise to Fe²+

Fe(OH)₂

dark green, s

Fe(OH)₂ is formed by:

NaOH added dropwise toFe²+

[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺

dark yellow, aq

[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ is formed by:

FeCl.6H2O

Fe(OH)₃

orange-brown, s

Fe(OH)₃ is formed by:

NaOH added dropwise to Fe³+

MnO₄^-/Fe²⁺ —> Mn²⁺/Fe³⁺

purple to pale pink

I^-/Fe³⁺ —> I₂/Fe²⁺

orange-brown —>brown